Table 1.

The effects of extracts on final body weight, absolute and relative reproductive organ weights

Item	Groups					--P--
	Control	Sildenafil	Mucuna pruriens	Tribulus terrestris	Ashwagandha
Final body weight, g	324.00 ± 24.84	316.57 ± 17.99	312.00 ± 29.73	307.71 ± 52.45	331.80 ± 28.31	>0.05
Testis, g	1.39 ± 0.07	1.35 ± 0.11	1.35 ± 0.09	1.36 ± 0.14	1.33 ± 0.08	>0.05
Whole epididymis, g	0.58 ± 0.05	0.61 ± 0.04	0.56 ± 0.05	0.58 ± 0.07	0.59 ± 0.04	>0.05
Right cauda epididymis, g	0.25 ± 0.03	0.24 ± 0.03	0.24 ± 0.03	0.23 ± 0.05	0.23 ± 0.02	>0.05
Vas deferens, g	0.12 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.01	0.12 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.01	>0.05
Seminal vesicles, g	1.16 ± 0.30	1.10 ± 0.25	1.09 ± 0.18	1.17 ± 0.24	1.39 ± 0.31	>0.05
Ventral prostate, g	0.43 ± 0.07	0.49 ± 0.07	0.41 ± 0.07	0.50 ± 0.17	0.48 ± 0.18	>0.05
Testis*, %	0.43 ± 0.04	0.43 ± 0.04	0.43 ± 0.05	0.45 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.03	>0.05
Whole epididymis*, %	0.18 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.01	>0.05
Right cauda epididymis*, %	0.08 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.004	>0.05
Vas deferens*, %	0.04 ± 0.005	0.04 ± 0.008	0.04 ± 0.003	0.04 ± 0.007	0.04 ± 0.004	>0.05
Seminal vesicles*, %	0.36 ± 0.09	0.35 ± 0.09	0.35 ± 0.05	0.38 ± 0.06	0.42 ± 0.9	>0.05
Ventral prostate*, %	0.13 ± 0.02	0.15 ± 0.02	0.13 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.04	0.14 ± 0.05	>0.05

*Relative reproductive organ weights [organ weight (g) / final body weight (g) X 100]

Control, no treatment; Sildenafil, rats treated with Sildenafil (5 mg/kg/d); Mucuna, rats treated with Mucuna pruriens (300 mg/kg bw); Tribulus; rats treated with Tribulus terrestris (300 mg/kg bw); Ashwagandha; rats treated with Ashwagandha (300 mg/kg bw). Data are LS means ± SE (n = 7). Different superscripts in the same row (a–c) indicate group mean differences (p < 0.05)