| BOP | bleeding on probing |
| CAL | clinical attachment loss |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CPI | Community Periodontal Index |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| EPA | eicosapentanoic acid |
| FFQ | food frequency questionnaire |
| GCF | gingivocrevicular fluid |
| GI | Gingival Index |
| GLA | γ-linoleic acid |
| hsCRP | high sensitivity C-reactive protein |
| IRR | incidence rate ratio |
| LDL | low density lipoprotein |
| Mesh | Medical Subjects Headings |
| MGI | Modified Gingival Index |
| MMP-8 | matrix metalloproteinase-8 |
| NHANES | National Health and Nutrition Survey |
| OR | odds ratio |
| PI | Plaque Index |
| PPD | Periodontal probing depth |
| PUFA | polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| RANKL | receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand |
| RCT | randomized-controlled trial |
| RR | relative risk |
| SBI | Sulcus Bleeding Index |
| SFA | saturated fatty acids |
| SRP | scaling and root planning |
| TLR-4 | toll-like receptor 4 |