Figure 11.

(a) mRNA expression of binding immunoglobulin protein (Bip) was increased in response to BDL, and melatonin treatment effectively decreased its expression; (b) There was increased caspase 12 mRNA expression in young BDL rats; (c) There was no significant difference of growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein (GADD34) mRNA expression among the three groups. Significant difference among three groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc. All data are shown as mean ± SEM. ** p < 0.01 vs. Sham; ## p < 0.01 vs. BDL.