Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Infertility Treatment Status in the Upstate KIDS Study (2008–2010)a
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infertility Treatment | OI/IUI | ART | ||
| None | Any | |||
| No. (%) | 3402 (70.5) | 1422 (29.5) | 742 (15.4) | 679 (14.1) |
| Age, mean (SD), yb,c | ||||
| Maternal | 28.9 (5.7) | 34.1 (5.2) | 32.5 (4.6) | 35.8 (5.2) |
| Paternal | 31.7 (6.6) | 36.4 (6.3) | 34.8 (5.8) | 38.1 (6.3) |
| Maternal race/ethnicityb | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 2654 (78.0) | 1237 (87.0) | 664 (89.5) | 573 (84.4) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 195 (5.7) | 37 (2.6) | 16 (2.1) | 20 (3.0) |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 82 (2.4) | 45 (3.2) | 16 (2.2) | 29 (4.2) |
| Hispanic | 248 (7.3) | 34 (2.4) | 15 (2.0) | 19 (2.8) |
| Mixed race or ethnicity/other | 223 (6.6) | 69 (4.8) | 31 (4.2) | 38 (5.6) |
| Maternal educationb,c | ||||
| <High school | 278 (8.2) | 13 (1.0) | 11 (1.5) | 2 (0.3) |
| High school or GED equivalent | 555 (16.3) | 67 (4.7) | 36 (4.9) | 31 (4.6) |
| Some college | 1157 (34.0) | 302 (21.2) | 183 (24.7) | 119 (17.5) |
| College | 666 (19.6) | 401 (28.2) | 201 (27.0) | 199 (29.3) |
| Advanced degree | 746 (21.9) | 639 (44.9) | 311 (41.9) | 328 (48.3) |
| Private insuranceb,c | 2270 (66.8) | 1349 (94.9) | 695 (93.8) | 654 (96.3) |
| Married/living as married | 2770 (85.3) | 1302 (95.3) | 680 (95.0) | 622 (95.7) |
| Any alcohol during pregnancyb | 436 (12.8) | 150 (10.6) | 74 (10.0) | 76 (11.2) |
| Smoked during pregnancyb | 624 (18.4) | 55 (3.9) | 32 (4.3) | 23 (3.4) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | ||||
| Prepregnancyc | 27.0 (6.8) | 27.3 (6.9) | 28.3 (7.5) | 26.1 (5.9) |
| Paternalb,c | 27.9 (5.4) | 28.9 (5.4) | 29.3 (5.7) | 28.4 (5.0) |
| Previous live birthb | 2035 (60.2) | 576 (40.9) | 300 (40.5) | 275 (41.1) |
| Pluralityb,c | ||||
| Singleton | 2767 (81.3) | 1000 (70.3) | 549 (74.0) | 450 (66.3) |
| Twin | 635 (18.7) | 422 (29.7) | 193 (26.0) | 229 (33.7) |
| Birth weight, mean (SD), gb,c,d | 3218 (672) | 3084 (728) | 3133 (730) | 3030 (723) |
| Gestational age, mean (SD), wkb,c,d | 38.2 (2.4) | 37.6 (2.7) | 37.8 (2.7) | 37.4 (2.7) |
| Age at last follow-up, mean (SD), mob,d | 23.3 (13.3) | 26.6 (12.4) | 26.3 (12.5) | 26.9 (12.2) |
Abbreviations: ART, assisted reproductive technology; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); GED, General Educational Development; OI/IUI, ovulation induction/intrauterine insemination.
Missing data: specific infertility treatment type (n = 1), paternal age (n = 336), insurance (n = 4), married/living as married (n = 209), alcohol (n = 2), smoking (n = 2), maternal BMI (n = 11), paternal BMI (n = 538), and prior live birth (n = 37).
P < .05 for comparisons between no infertility treatment and any treatment (first 2 columns).
P < .05 for comparisons between OI/IUI and ART (last 2 columns).
For infant-level data (ie, birth weight, gestational age, age at last follow-up, and ever using services), descriptive statistics were derived from all singletons and 1 randomly selected twin of each pair.