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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 26.

Published in final edited form as: Health Sociol Rev. 2015 Mar 30;24(2):199–212. doi: 10.1080/14461242.2015.1015149

Table 4.

Effects of Participation in Self-Help and Empowerment on Symptoms and Quality of Life

	Symptoms (t2)		Quality of Life (t2)

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
Symptoms (t1)	.766^*** (.027)	.568^*** (.030)	-	-
Quality of life (t1)	-	-	.560^*** (.032)	.466^*** (.030)
Meeting Attendance (t1)	.007 (.018)	.014 (.017)	.026^* (.012)	.019 (.012)
Talking to/seeing Members (t1)	.014 (.014)	.020 (.013)	.005 (.016)	.017 (.016)
Mental health confidence (t2)	-	−.104^*** (.010)	-	.099^** (.034)
Self-esteem (t2)	-	−.322^*** (.048)	-	.143^*** (.037)
Stigma (t2)	-	.011 (.040)	-	−.112^** (.049)
R²	.594	.679	.359	.412

Note: Unstandardized regression coefficients shown with standard errors in parentheses

^*

p < .05

^**

p < .01

^***

p < .001