Appendix 1.
Accession information for this study.a
| Genebank location | Species | Original label | Cultivar name | Country of collection | Island | Village (County town) |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT001 | Tiomal | Vanuatu | Malekula | Rano |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT002* | Novan | Vanuatu | Malekula | Rano |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT003 | Baewok | Vanuatu | Malekula | Rano |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT013 | Wawahisao | Vanuatu | Malo | Avunatari |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT029 | Namnerlap | Vanuatu | Mota Lava | Gnerenigmen |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT061 | Gortsaro | Vanuatu | Santo | Port Olry |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT102 | Brobwe | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT103 | Endoum | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT106 | Koveuteap | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT107 | Koveutniewe | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT109 | Limbwedeng | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT118 | Shienbase | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT127 | Temelopsa | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT130 | Teupanmei | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT131 | Tewakon | Vanuatu | Ambrym | Port Vato |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT140 | Matualelei | Vanuatu | Efate | Epule |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT141 | Nako | Vanuatu | Efate | Tokararik |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT143 | Nambatav-ani-Franck | Vanuatu | Efate | Epule |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT148 | Lof | Vanuatu | Efate | Erakor |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT149 | Naliu | Vanuatu | Efate | Erakor |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT150 | Nasul | Vanuatu | Efate | Erakor |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT153 | Pakala | Vanuatu | Efate | Mele |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT161 | Aveloloa | Vanuatu | Efate | Pohi |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT167 | Betima | Vanuatu | Malekula | Brenwei |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT200 | Nakut-ulcecerea | Vanuatu | Nguna | Rewoka |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT205 | Narongrong | Vanuatu | Nguna | Rewoka |
| VARTC/Santo | A. altilis | VUT212 | Napeere | Vanuatu | Nguna | Urapua |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | Kea | Kea | Tonga | Tongatapu | — |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | Hamoa | Hamoa | French Polynesia | Tahaa, Society Islands | — |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | Ma’afala B3 | Ma’afala | Samoa | — | — |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | Lemae B5 | Lemae | Mariana Islands | — | — |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | Rotuma 15C2 | Rotuma | French Polynesia | Tahaa, Society Islands | — |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | Puo | Puo | Tonga | Tongatapu | — |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | A1 | — | New Caledonia | Grande Terre | Tiéti (Poindimié) |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | A2 | — | New Caledonia | Grande Terre | Parawié (Houailou) |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | A3 | — | New Caledonia | Grande Terre | Parawié (Houailou) |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | A7 | — | New Caledonia | Grande Terre | Tyé (Touho) |
| IAC/Saint-Louis | A. altilis | A9 | — | New Caledonia | Grande Terre | Sainte-Marie (Pouébo) |
| IAC/Pocquereux | A. altilis | A11 | — | New Caledonia | Maré | Medhu |
| IAC/Pocquereux | A. camansi | A13-camansi | — | New Caledonia | Grande Terre | Vallée des Colons (Nouméa) |
| IAC/Pocquereux | A. heterophyllus | heterophyllus | — | New Caledonia | Grande Terre | Appala (Koumac) |
Note: — = not available.
The study was conducted with 41 living accessions forming two subsets of the collections of the Vanuatu Agricultural Research and Technical Centre (VARTC) and the Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien (IAC). The VARTC genebank is located on the island of Santo, Vanuatu (15.453°S, 167.184°E). The 27 VARTC accessions (VUT label) were collected during two surveys conducted across the Vanuatu archipelago in 2004–2005 by Navarro et al. (2007) and in 2009 by Mies (no published data) with the support of the Pacific Plant Genetic Resources Network under the auspices of the Pacific Community (SPC). The 14 IAC accessions are conserved at the research stations of Saint-Louis (22.232°S, 166.538°E) and Pocquereux (21.731°S, 165.886°E) in New Caledonia. They comprise six accessions of A. altilis, one A. heterophyllus, and one A. camansi, all of them collected in New Caledonia, and six seedless cultivars sent to IAC by the National Tropical Botanical Garden of Hawaii (NTBG) from the Kahanu Garden, Maui Island in 1999. Leaf fragments were collected from living trees conserved in the field genebanks and stored in a drying agent (silica gel) at room temperature before performing DNA extraction.
Sample used to generate the genomic library (NCBI BioSample SAMN04508170).