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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Sep;68(9):2244–2256. doi: 10.1002/art.39673

Figure 4. Inhibition of G protein βγ signaling prevents accumulation of immune cells in inflamed kidneys at early stages of experimental lupus.

Figure 4

After 20 weeks of gallein administration kidneys were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. A) 5 μm kidney sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Representative 200 x magnification pictures from kidneys showing inflammatory cell infiltrates around blood vessels are shown. Gross histological findings were confirmed by measurement of all perivascular cell infiltrates (right panel, n=8 mice/group). B) 5 μm kidney sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Representative 200 x magnification pictures from kidneys showing glomerular inflammation are shown. Right panel shows quantitative blinded evaluation of glomerular inflammation by a certified pathologist (right graph) in individual kidney sections (n = 8 kidney sections/group). C) Effects of gallein treatment on accumulation of CD3+ and B220+ cells around blood vessels in the kidneys of lupus prone mice. 5 μm kidney sections were stained with primary antibodies against CD3 (red), IgG (green) and B220 (white). Representative 200 x magnification pictures from two independent experiments with similar results are shown. D) Protein levels in the urine of mice were monitored. n=8 mice/group Data is expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical significance was calculated by non-parametric Mann Whitney test. **, p=<0.005, ***, p<0.0005, ****, p<0.0001.