Fig. 1.

Schematic diagram of basal forebrain cholinergic neuron differentiation. The differentiation of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons from pluripotent stem cell colonies is driven by transitions between two- and three-dimensional culturing stages, as well as timed exposure to essential growth factors, such as NGF. The presence or absence of developmental and maturation markers are essential guides to monitor the differentiation progress at each culturing stage towards mature, functional forebrain cholinergic neurons