Table 1.
Baseline of the characteristics of patients
| SMS group (n = 23) | Control (n = 25) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 54.4 ± 15.0 | 52.2 ± 19.5 | 0.672 |
| Male (%) | 14 (60.9 %) | 11 (44 %) | 0.265 |
| Smoking | 7 | 3 | 0.162 |
| Drinking | 4 | 6 | 0.727 |
| Education | 1.000 | ||
| Elementary school or less | 5 | 6 | |
| High school or higher | 18 | 19 | |
| Payment | 0.610 | ||
| By insurance | 22 | 22 | |
| By self | 1 | 3 | |
| Previous Stenting | 0.511 | ||
| Yes | 7 | 5 | |
| No | 16 | 20 | |
| Previous surgery | 0.818 | ||
| Cholecystectomy | 8 | 7 | |
| Liver transplantation | 0 | 1 | |
| Other | 3 | 2 | |
| Main symptom | 0.467 | ||
| Jaundice | 7 | 4 | |
| Fever | 1 | 2 | |
| Abdominal pain | 13 | 16 | |
| Chemical test before ERCP | |||
| White blood cell (×109) | 5.8 ± 1.3 | 5.6 ± 2.8 | 0.714 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 60.6 ± 93.3 | 30.0 ± 65.9 | 0.193 |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 336.5 ± 324.2 | 125.8 ± 76.2 | 0.003 |
| Stricture site | 0.849 | ||
| Proximal CBD | 6 | 7 | |
| Distal CBD | 11 | 10 | |
| PD | 6 | 8 | |
| Reason for stenting | 0.501 | ||
| Biliary benign stricture | 10 | 12 | |
| Pancreatic benign stricture | 10 | 8 | |
| Other | 3 | 5 | |
| Stent type | 0.719 | ||
| Plastic stent (average number of stents) | 18 (1.39) | 21 (1.43) | |
| FCSEMS | 5 | 4 | |
| ERCP complication | 1.000 | ||
| Pancreatitis | 1 | 1 | |
| Biliary infection | 2 | 1 |
CBD common bile duct, PD pancreatic duct, FCSEMS fully covered self-expanded metal stent