Table 1.
Characteristics of study sample
| Study population = 284 | |
|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SDa | 47.8 ± 11.8 |
| Sex (%) | |
| Women | 193 (68) |
| Men | 91 (32) |
| Household income (%) | |
| High (>60,000 CAD) | 178 (62.7) |
| Low | 96 (33.8) |
| Missing | 10 (3.5) |
| Educational level (%) | |
| High | 229 (80.6) |
| Low | 55 (19.4) |
| Place of birth (%) | |
| Canada | 207 (72.9) |
| Outside Canada | 77 (27.1) |
| Ethnicity (%) | |
| Caucasian | 231 (81.3) |
| Asian | 18 (6.3) |
| Other | 35 (12.4) |
| Residence type (%) | |
| Urban | 260 (91.5) |
| Rural | 24 (8.5) |
| Asthma medication adherence (%) | |
| PDCb < 50 % | 171 (60.2) |
| 50 % ≤ PDC < 80 % | 31 (11) |
| PDC ≥ 80 % | 81 (28.5) |
| Missing | 1 (0.3) |
| Asthma control level (%) | |
| Controlled | 55 (19.4) |
| Partially Controlled | 113 (39.8) |
| Uncontrolled | 115 (40.5) |
| Missing | 1 (0.3) |
| Productivity Loss (%) | 136 (48) |
| Absenteeism (%) | 49 (17) |
| Presenteeism (%) | 127 (45) |
| Hours of overall productivity loss, mean ± SD | 16 ± 17.6 |
| Costsc of overall productivity loss, mean ± SD | 317.49$ ± 858.83$ |
| Overall SCQd comorbidities score, mean ± SD | 2.47 ± 2.97 |
| Heart disease (%) | 15 (5.3) |
| Hypertension (%) | 35 (12.3) |
| Diabetes (%) | 9 (3.2) |
| Ulcer or Stomach Disease (%) | 37 (13) |
| Kidney disease (%) | 3 (1.1) |
| Liver disease (%) | 2 (0.7) |
| Anemia or other blood disease (%) | 21 (7.4) |
| Cancer (%) | 6 (2.1) |
| Depression (%) | 40 (14.1) |
| Osteoarthritis, degenerative arthritis (%) | 62 (21.8) |
| Back pain (%) | 99 (34.9) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis (%) | 2 (0.7) |
aStandard deviation
bproportions of days covered
c2010 Canadian dollars
dself-administered comorbidity questionnaire