Table 1.
Characteristics of the participating pregnant women
| Normal weight N = 65 |
Overweight N = 66 |
Obese N = 127 |
p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Age (years)* | <0 .00 1 | |||
| ≤19 | 12 (18.5) | 2 (3.0) a | 1 (0.8) a | |
| 20 – 35 | 46 (70.8) | 49 (74.2) | 91(71.6) | |
| >35 | 7 (10.8) | 15 (22.7) a | 35 (27.6) a | |
| Pregnancies (including current pregnancy) | 0.187 | |||
| 1 | 18 (27.7) | 11 (16.7) | 19 (15.0) | |
| 2 | 19 (29.2) | 18 (27.3) | 33 (26.0) | |
| ≥3 | 28 (43.1) | 37 (56.1) | 75 (59.6) | |
| Previous C-section | 0.366 | |||
| Zero | 44 (67.7) | 35 (53.0) | 68 (53.5) | |
| 1 | 14 (21.5) | 20 (30.3) | 36 (28.4) | |
| ≥2 | 7(10.8) | 11 (16.7) | 23 (18.1) | |
| Smoking habits | 9 (13.8) | 17 (25.8) | 20 (15.8) | 0.141 |
| Cronic hypertension | 4 (50.0) | 17 (81.0) | 47 (74.6) | 0.231 |
| Prepregnancy diabetes | 4 (6.2) | 9 (13.6) a | 20 (15.7) a | <0.001 |
| Family history | ||||
| Diabetes | 54 (83.1) | 48 (72.7) | 93 (73.2) | 0.266 |
| Obesity | 17 (26.2) | 24 (36.4) | 56 (44.1) a,b | 0.051 |
| Hypertension | 44 (67.7) | 49 (74.2) | 101 (79.5) | 0.195 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 14 (21.5) | 19 (28.8) | 43 (33.9) | 0.206 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 15 (23.1) | 20 (30.3) | 41 (32.3) | 0.410 |
* Chi-square test
a statistically different from the control group (p < 0.05)
b statistically different from the overweight group (p < 0.05)