Table 3.
Delivery and neonatal outcomes
| Normal weight | Overweight | Obese | *p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 65 | N = 66 | N = 127 | ||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Mode of delivery | 0.304 | |||
| Vaginal | 25 (39.5) | 21 (31.8) | 35 (27.6) | |
| Cesarean | 40 (61.5) | 45 (68.2) | 92 (72.4) | |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 0.494 | |||
| <37 | 3 (4.6) | 5 (7.6) | 12 (9.4) | |
| ≥37 | 62 (95.4) | 61 (92.4) | 115 (90.6) | |
| New Ballard (weeks)± | 0.115 | |||
| <37 | 3 (5.8) | 6 (10.9) | 19 (17.1) | |
| ≥37 | 49 (94.2) | 49 (89.1) | 92 (82.9) | |
| Birth weight (g) | 0.304 | |||
| <2500 | 4 (6.2) | 2 (3,0) | 2 (1.6) | |
| 2500 − 4000 | 57 (87.7) | 61 (92.4) | 113 (89.0) | |
| ≥4000 | 4 (6.2) | 3 (4.6) | 12 (9.4) | |
| Weight class | 0.021 | |||
| SGA | 8 (12.3) | 10 (15,2) | 6 (4.7) a,b | |
| AGA | 54 (83.1) | 53 (80.3) | 104 (81.9) | |
| LGA | 3 (4.6) | 3 (4.6) | 17 (13.4) | |
| Ponderal index (PI) | 0.037 | |||
| <2.98 (proportional) | 50 (76.9) | 46 (69,7) | 75 (59.1) | |
| ≥2.98 (disproportionate) | 15 (23.1) | 20 (30.3) | 52 (40.9) a,b | |
| Mean ± sd | Mean ± sd | Mean ± sd | #p-value | |
| Weight (g) | 3210.2 ± 469.2 | 3208.9 ± 430.4 | 3365.9 ± 483.4 | 0.199 |
| Length (cm) | 48.6 ± 2.2 | 48.4 ± 2,0 | 48.6 ± 2.1 | 0.759 |
| Head Circumf (cm) | 34.4 ± 1.5 | 34.4 ± 1,3 | 34.8 ± 1.5 | 0.094 |
| Thoracic Circumf (cm) | 32.9 ± 1.9 | 32.8 ± 1,7 | 33.6 ± 2.0 a,b | 0.006 |
| Abdom Circumf (cm) | 31.1 ± 2.3 | 30.7 ± 1,8 | 31.6 ± 2.3 a,b | 0.032 |
| 1-min Apgar | 8.3 ± 1.4 | 8.2 ± 1,8 | 7.8 ± 1.5 | 0.076 |
| 5-min Apgar | 9.3 ± 0.8 | 9.3 ± 0.9 | 9.1 ± 0.8 | 0.143 |
| 10-min Apgar | 9.7 ± 0.5 | 9.6 ± 0.6 | 9.5 ± 0.6 | 0.071 |
| Ponderal index | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 2.9 ± 0.3 a,b | 0.005 |
| Placental weight (g) | 560.1 ± 138,9 | 574,6 ± 119,8 | 635,6 ± 156,6 a,b | 0.001 |
| Placental index | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 a,b | 0.037 |
± N = 217 [41 newborns with incomplete data]
* Chi-square test
# ANOVA; Tukey test
a statistically different from the control group p < 0.05)
b statistically different from the overweight group (p < 0.05)