Table 1.
Selected Patient and Injury Characteristics
| Total Cohort | No Amputation | Delayed Amputation | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 149 | 118 | 24 | |
| Age | 33.42 ± 14 | 33.75 ± 14.07 | 33.29 ± 13.90 | 0.88 |
| Sex | 21 (14.1%) | 17 (14.4%) | 4 (16.7%) | 0.76 |
| Lowest SBP | 106.86 ± 39.61 | 106.89 ± 40.57 | 111.33 ± 33.83 | 0.62 |
| GCS | 13.08 ± 4.35 | 13.39 ± 4.02 | 12.5 ± 4.98 | 0.34 |
| Intubated | 26 (17.4%) | 16 (13.6%) | 6 (25.0%) | 0.21 |
| Mechanism | <0.001 | |||
| Low Energy Blunt | 43 (28.9%) | 31 (26.3%) | 11 (45.8%) | |
| High Energy Blunt | 25 (16.8%) | 13 (11.0%) | 8 (33.3%) | |
| Penetrating | 81 (54.4%) | 74 (62.7%) | 5 (20.8%) | |
| Arterial Location | 0.009 | |||
| Iliofemoral | 19 (12.8%) | 18 (15.3%) | 1 (4.2%) | |
| Superficial Femoral | 26 (17.4%) | 25 (21.2%) | 1 (4.2%) | |
| Popliteal | 50 (33.6%) | 32 (27.1%) | 11 (45.8%) | |
| Single Tibial | 43 (28.9%) | 37 (31.4%) | 6 (25.0%) | |
| Multiple Tibial | 11 (7.4%) | 6 (5.1%) | 5 (20.8%) | |
| Arterial Injury Type | 0.20 | |||
| Occlusion | 45 (30.2%) | 32 (27.1%) | 12 (50.0%) | |
| Transection | 68 (45.6%) | 54 (45.8%) | 8 (33.3%) | |
| Laceration | 23 (15.4%) | 19 (16.1%) | 4 (16.7%) | |
| Intimal Injury | 9 (6.0%) | 9 (7.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Iatrogenic | 4 (2.7%) | 4 (3.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Fracture | <0.001 | |||
| Simple Fracture | 24 (16.1%) | 20 (16.9%) | 4 (16.7%) | |
| Compound Fracture | 64 (43.0%) | 39 (33.1%) | 18 (75.0%) | |
| Nerve Injury | 42 (28.2%) | 31 (26.3%) | 5 (20.8%) | 0.80 |
| Venous Injury | 16 (10.7%) | 9 (7.6%) | 1 (4.2%) | 1.00 |
| Pulse Deficit | 89 (59.7%) | 63 (53.4%) | 19 (79.2%) | 0.023 |
| Motor Deficit | 43 (28.9%) | 25 (21.2%) | 11 (45.8%) | 0.019 |
| Sensory Exam | 40 (26.8%) | 24 (20.3%) | 9 (37.5%) | 0.11 |
| ISS | 12.19 ± 8.44 | 11.67 ± 8.14 | 13.83 ± 10.26 | 0.26 |
| AIS | 2.96 ± 0.69 | 2.92 ± 0.71 | 3.08 ± 0.65 | 0.31 |
| MESS | 4.72 ± 1.86 | 4.30 ± 1.62 | 6.13 ± 1.78 | <0.001 |
| Time to ED Arrival (h) | 1.90 ± 3.06 | 1.73 ± 3.07 | 2.29 ±2.60 | 0.41 |
| Fasciotomy | 70 (47.0) | 51 (43.2) | 18 (75.0) | 0.01 |
| Intravascular Shunt | 3 (2.0) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (4.2) | 0.4 |
Caption: All values are mean±SD or N(%). SBP: systolic blood pressure. ISS: injury severity score. AIS: abbreviated injury scale. MESS: mangled extremity severity score.