Figure 1.

Calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes (NFAT) signaling activation in the nervous system is mainly induced by neurotrophins via their tyrosine kinase receptors, glutamate receptors, and nonligand-dependent receptors, such as voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels in hippocampal neurons. The genes transcribed and the effects of these signaling pathways are cell-type dependent. Abbreviations: AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; IGF1R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; IP₃R, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; NFATc, Ca²⁺-regulated NFATs; NGF, neurotrophin nerve growth factor; NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid; RCAN1, regulator of calcineurin 1; RyR; ryanodine receptor; TrkA, tropomyosin receptor kinase type 1; TrkB, tropomyosin receptor kinase type 2.