Table 5.
Soil properties in the 0–0.20 and 0.20–0.40 m soil layers under tree crown (mean ± standard error) at the onset of the experiment and gain (+) or loss (–).
| Property | Suggested targets | Initial soil properties | Dried-and-ground guava waste | Fresh guava waste | Mineral fertilization | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg dry matter ha−1 | |||||||||
| 0 | 9 | 18 | 27 | 36 | 18 | – | |||
| Gain (+) or loss (–) compared to initial conditions (confidence intervals about mean, P = 0.05) | |||||||||
| 0–0.2 m SOIL LAYER | |||||||||
| pH (CaCl2) | 4.5–7.0£ | 5.01 ± 0.03 | 1.15 ± 0.54 | 0.83 ± 0.13 | 1.23 ± 0.33 | 1.00 ± 0.22 | 0.40 ± 0.16 | 0.98 ± 0.33 | 0.50 ± 0.59 |
| 5.1–5.5§ | |||||||||
| mg dm−3 | |||||||||
| Resin P | 13–30§ | 10.2 ± 0.8 | −1.0 ± 2.8 | 2.0 ± 4.1 | 6.8 ± 2.5 | 10.5 ± 9.3 | 12.3 ± 4.0 | 10.0 ± 5.0 | 8.8 ± 5.7 |
| B | – | 0.24 ± 0.004 | −0.12 ± 0.08 | −0.04 ± 0.10 | −0.08 ± 0.18 | −0.05 ± 0.21 | −0.14 ± 0.14 | −0.11 ± 0.14 | −0.11 ± 0.14 |
| Cu | – | 9.8 ± 0.50 | 3.2 ± 2.6 | 3.3 ± 2.3 | 3.2 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 3.3 | 5.2 ± 4.3 | 5.6 ± 3.2 | 3.1 ± 2.0 |
| Fe | – | 17.2 ± 0.52 | −4.5 ± 4.5 | −4.5 ± 1.7 | −5.0 ± 1.8 | 0.5 ± 6.1 | 7.0 ± 10.7 | −1.3 ± 2.4 | 1.5 ± 1.7 |
| Mn | – | 17.5 ± 0.57 | 1.6 ± 5.4 | 7.3 ± 2.0 | 8.4 ± 2.9 | 13.9 ± 3.6 | 12.8 ± 3.7 | 13.9 ± 5.8 | 18.5 ± 6.6 |
| Zn | – | 0.48 ± 0.020 | 0.08 ± 0.38 | 0.13 ± 0.54 | −0.03 ± 0.31 | 0.03 ± 0.25 | 0.18 ± 0.42 | 0.23 ± 0.15 | −0.05 ± 0.16 |
| SO4-S | – | 2.8 ± 0.29 | 2.0 ± 1.4 | 1.3 ± 1.9 | 0.5 ± 1.0 | 1.5 ± 1.7 | 2.0 ± 2.6 | 0.3 ± 2.1 | 7.5 ± 4.0 |
| mmolc dm−3 | |||||||||
| K | 1.6–3.0§ | 2.3 ± 0.065 | −1.9 ± 0.7 | −1.2 ± 0.8 | −1.1 ± 0.4 | −1.1 ± 0.4 | −1.2 ± 0.4 | −1.3 ± 0.7 | −1.8 ± 0.3 |
| Ca | 27§ | 15.3 ± 0.49 | 10.3 ± 11.9 | 7.3 ± 2.6 | 4.8 ± 2.8 | 5.8 ± 1.7 | 2.3 ± 3.8 | 3.8 ± 2.1 | 4.5 ± 7.6 |
| Mg | 9§ | 6.4 ± 0.27 | 3.8 ± 4.6 | 4.5 ± 3.9 | 3.5 ± 1.3 | 5.0 ± 0.8 | 3.8 ± 1.5 | 4.8 ± 2.5 | 2.8 ± 2.6 |
| Σ bases | – | 24.1 ± 0.7 | 12.2 ± 15.9 | 9.8 ± 3.6 | 7.2 ± 4.1 | 9.6 ± 2.3 | 4.8 ± 5.1 | 7.2 ± 3.7 | 5.5 ± 10.3 |
| CEC | – | 43.8 ± 0.7 | 6.4 ± 13.3 | 6.3 ± 4.6 | 3.9 ± 4.6 | 6.1 ± 3.0 | 6.1 ± 3.9 | 3.2 ± 3.4 | 7.3 ± 6.4 |
| % | |||||||||
| Base saturation | 51–70§ | 54.5 ± 1.65 | 14.8 ± 9.7 | 21.6 ± 13.7 | 13.2 ± 9.6 | 11.9 ± 11.0 | −0.8 ± 6.5 | 9.3 ± 5.2 | −3.4 ± 18.1 |
| g dm−3 | |||||||||
| OM | 13.3 ± 0.2 | −1.5 ± 4.8 | 2.0 ± 1.8 | −1.3 ± 3.3 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | −0.3 ± 1.0 | 1.0 ± 4.7 | 0.8 ± 4.3 | |
| 0.2–0.4 m SOIL LAYER | |||||||||
| pH (CaCl2) | 4.5–7.0£ | 5.11 ± 0.06 | 0.70 ± 0.35 | 0.45 ± 0.55 | 0.55 ± 0.42 | 0.68 ± 0.42 | 0.48 ± 0.51 | 0.58 ± 0.27 | 0.30 ± 0.39 |
| 5.1–5.5§ | |||||||||
| mg dm−3 | |||||||||
| Resin P | 13–30§ | 5.36 ± 0.32 | −1.3 ± 2.1 | −0.3 ± 2.3 | 1.3 ± 5.8 | 3.3 ± 2.5 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 3.3 ± 4.8 | 1.0 ± 2.0 |
| B | – | 0.18 ± 0.018 | −0.09 ± 0.14 | −0.05 ± 0.07 | −0.06 ± 0.14 | −0.02 ± 0.19 | 0.10 ± 0.24 | −0.08 ± 0.03 | −0.05 ± 0.08 |
| Cu | – | 2.8 ± 0.30 | 0.65 ± 0.76 | 0.65 ± 0.38 | 0.93 ± 1.70 | 1.45 ± 1.80 | 1.70 ± 2.92 | 0.55 ± 1.88 | 0.73 ± 1.48 |
| Fe | – | 11.5 ± 0.29 | −2.8 ± 1.8 | −2.5 ± 1.2 | −1.8 ± 0.6 | −2.0 ± 1.7 | −0.3 ± 1.2 | −2.0 ± 1.4 | 0.3 ± 1.2 |
| Mn | – | 14.8 ± 0.99 | 7.4 ± 9.8 | 7.2 ± 3.6 | 9.0 ± 2.1 | 9.8 ± 2.3 | 15.1 ± 0.6 | 10.8 ± 5.4 | 16.3 ± 8.1 |
| Zn | – | 0.25 ± 0.015 | −0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.10 ± 0.10 | −0.05 ± 0.16 | −0.05 ± 0.12 | 0.03 ± 0.12 | −0.15 ± 0.07 | −0.10 ± 0.10 |
| SO4-S | – | 6.7 ± 0.45 | −3.3. ± 1.5 | −0.5 ± 5.1 | −1.5 ± 4.1 | −4.0 ± 3.0 | −1.3 ± 2.5 | −1.3 ± 1.5 | 1.0 ± 4.6 |
| mmolc dm−3 | |||||||||
| K | 1.6–3.0§ | 1.8 ± 0.06 | −1.2 ± 0.9 | −1.0 ± 0.9 | −1.2 ± 0.5 | −1.3 ± 0.4 | −0.9 ± 0.9 | −0.9 ± 0.9 | −0.9 ± 0.4 |
| Ca | 27§ | 13.0 ± 0.51 | 2.5 ± 4.2 | 1.0 ± 2.6 | 3.3 ± 5.6 | 1.8 ± 2.5 | 3.5 ± 4.5 | 4.0 ± 3.9 | −0.5 ± 1.6 |
| Mg | 9§ | 5.5 ± 0.30 | 1.8 ± 2.7 | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 2.3 | 1.8 ± 1.2 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 3.0 ± 2.2 | 1.0 ± 2.0 |
| Σ bases | – | 20.4 ± 0.7 | 3.1 ± 6.0 | 0.8 ± 2.3 | 3.8 ± 5.6 | 2.2 ± 3.4 | 5.4 ± 4.6 | 6.1 ± 6.2 | −0.4 ± 3.4 |
| CEC | – | 38.1 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 5.9 | 1.3 ± 6.7 | 3.3 ± 3.9 | 1.2 ± 4.4 | 7.9 ± 3.8 | 5.8 ± 7.6 | −0.2 ± 4.0 |
| % | |||||||||
| Base saturation | 51–70§ | 53.8 ± 0.9 | 6.2 ± 9.4 | −0.1 ± 5.7 | 4.6 ± 8.1 | 3.8 ± 9.3 | 2.5 ± 10.7 | 5.5 ± 2.2 | −4.6 ± 9.5 |
| g dm−3 | |||||||||
| OM | 8.6 ± 0.4 | −0.5 ± 1.6 | −0.3 ± 2.3 | 1.3 ± 5.8 | −0.3 ± 3.2 | 1.0 ± 4.0 | 0.8 ± 4.0 | 0.3 ± 2.1 | |