Table 2.
Summaries of Intervention Results and Adverse Events
| First author (year), reference | Intervention dose & duration | Main outcomes for meta-analysis | Treatment results | Control results | Other results | Author's conclusions | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kuptniratsaikul (2009), 16 | Curcumin 250 mg 4 × /day 6 weeks |
PVAS | CR 2.7 ± 2.5 P = .2 |
IB 3.8 ± 2.5 P = .2 |
Pain on stairs TR 3.1 ± 1.5 IB 3.8 ± 2.4 |
CR safe and effective, similar to IB | CR 1, IB 3 |
| Chandran (2012), 24 | Curcumin 500 mg or DI 50 mg 2 × /day 8 weeks |
PVAS | CR 27.5 ± 9.4 P < .05 CR+DI 34.3 ± 26.7, P < .05 |
DI 39.2 ± 20.1 P < .05 |
CRP CR 5.34 ± 4.12 P < .05 CR+DI 6.66 ± 6.87, P > .05 DI 3.35 ± 2.5 P > .05 |
Curcumin provide significant improvement for RA | CR mild throat fever and infection DI itching, eye swelling and dim vision |
| Pinsornsak (2012), 21 | Curcumin 1000 mg+diclofenac 75 mg 3 months |
PVAS | CR+DI 3.19 P < .001 from baseline |
DI+PL 3.55 P < .001 from baseline |
Pain score CR+DI 81.99 P < .001 DI+PL 84.49 P < .001 |
Curcumin had additive effects with DI | Minor hair loss and renal distress |
| Madhu (2013), 22 | Turmeric polysaccharide extract 500 mg glucosamine 375 mg 2 × /day 42 days |
PVAS WOMAC for pain |
PVAS TR 19.5 ± 17.8 TR+GS 36.3 ± 29.0 WOMAC TR 27.1 ± 16.1 TR+GS 36.2 ± 27.7 P < .05 for all |
PVAS PL 46.0 ± 20.8 GS 29.3 ± 20.6 WOMAC PL 47.9 ± 12.6 GS 34.9 ± 19.5 |
CGIC TR 2.21 ± 1.80 PL 4.72 ± 1.27 TR+GS 3.37 ± 2.41, P < .05 GS 3.32 ± 1.78 P < .05 |
Curcumin significantly effective for pain and reduced need for medication | N.R. |
| Belcaro (2014), 19 | Curcumin phospholipid +glucosamine 500 mg each 1 × /day 4 months |
WOMAC for pain |
CR+GS 6.8 ± 2.0, (compared with baseline) P < .05 |
CN+GS 10.2 ± 2.2, (compared with baseline) P < .05 |
WOMAC total index CR+GS 36.3 ± 5.0 CN+GS 64.2 ± 7.3 Karnosfki index CR+GS 93.4 ± 6.4 CN+GS 79.6 ± 6.6 P < .05 |
CR+GS more effective than CN+GS | N.R. |
| Panahi (2014), 17 | Curcumin 500 mg+Bioperine 5 mg 3 × /day 6 weeks |
WOMAC for pain PVAS |
WOMAC CR 37 ± 19 P < .001 PVAS CR 6.1 ± 2.9 P < .001 |
WOMAC PL 57 ± 12 PVAS PL 9.4 ± 3.4 |
LPFI CR 7.8 ± 3.6 PL 12 ± 4 P = .013 WOMAC total index CR 25 ± 13 PL 40.6 ± 12.6 P = .001 |
Results support efficacy of CR for OA | CR 3, PL 4 with intestinal symptoms |
| Nakagawa (2014), 20 | Curcumin 180 mg/day 8 weeks |
PVAS decline in score | CR −0.40 as compared with baseline, compared with PL, P = .023 | PL −0.22 as compared to baseline | No. of subjects using pain killer CR 32% PL 60% P = .0252 |
CR more effective than PL | No serious adverse events |
| Kuptniratsaikul (2014), 18 | Curcuma extract 1125–1275 mg CR/day 4 weeks |
WOMAC for pain | CR 3.17 ± 1.98 P < .01 (compared with baseline) |
IB 3.25 ± 2.11 P < .01 (compared with baseline) |
WOMAC total score IB 3.23 ± 1.97 CR 3.36 ± 2.04 |
CR equally effective as IB but fewer side effects | Both groups mild intestinal symptoms |
CGIC, clinician global impression of change; Karnosfki index, Karnosfki Performance Scale index; LPFI, Lequesne's pain functional index; N.R., not reported; PVAS, pain visual analogue score.