TABLE 1.

Lp(a)-lowering strategies rated for the capacity to lower Lp(a)

Strategy	Mechanism	Reduction in Lp(a) (%)	Reduction in LDL-C (%)	Reference
Statins	Increased LDLR expression	0 to +7	50	(14–20)
Niacin	Reduced apo(a) transcription, or reduced apoB-100 secretion via inhibition of TG synthesis	20	13	(24–26)
CETP inhibitor	Attenuation of apoB-100 lipidation due to inhibited transfer of TG and cholesterol esters between apoB-100 lipoproteins and HDL	24–36	36–42	(35–36)
apoB antisense	Decrease hepatic apoB-100 synthesis through blockage of mRNA translation of apoB-100	26–27	38–48	(39–42)
MTP inhibitor	Interfering apoB-100 lipidation due to inhibition of lipoprotein assembly in the liver	17	30%	(28)
PCSK9 inhibitor	Inhibition of LDLR degradation, decreased apoB-100 formation	25	40–59	(46–48, 54)
Anti-IL6R	IL6 responsive element on APOA promotor region	30–37	10	(61)
Apheresis	Removal of circulating apoB-100 lipoproteins	70 ± 10	Up to 75	(56–57)
Apo(a) antisense	Decrease hepatic apo(a) synthesis through blockage of mRNA translation of apo(a)	Up to 78	No effect	(70)