Schematic presentation of the binary vectors used in this investigation to transiently express polysialyltransferases in N. benthamiana ∆XTFT and ∆XTFTSia. Human polyST cDNAs were cloned in binary vectors with a C-terminal tag either for assessing expression with anti-Strep antibodies (Strp) or study protein subcellular localization by confocal laser scanning microscopy (GFP). 35S, cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter; g7, Agrobacterium gene 7 terminator; GFP, green fluorescent protein; Strp, Strep-tag (WSHPQFEK peptide); LB, left border; Nos, nopaline synthase promoter or terminator; npII, neomycin phosphotransferase II gene conferring resistance to kanamycin; RB, right border; ST8Sia-II, human alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2 (NM_006011.3); ST8Sia-IV, human alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 4 (NM_005668.5).