Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics in 13 Treated and 6 Untreated Subjects

Baseline Characteristics	Treated	Untreated	P Value
Age, yr	56.2 ± 3.2	52.3 ± 1.3	0.27
Male	7 (53.8)	2 (33.3)	0.63
Ethnicity			0.63
African-American	6 (46)	4 (67)
White	4 (31)	2 (33)
Hispanic	2 (15)	0 (0)
Pacific Islander	1 (8)	0 (0)
BMI, kg/m²	36.8 ± 2.5	40.1 ± 1.9	0.41
Diabetes diagnosis, yr	2.5 ± 1.2	7.3 ± 2.3	0.09^*
HbA1c, %	7.3 ± 0.4	7.0 ± 0.3	0.63
Poorly controlled diabetes^†	7 (54)	2 (33)	0.63
Oral antidiabetic medications, n			0.42
No medication	6	2
Metformin alone	3	2
Combination^‡	4	2
Hypertension	4 (31)	3 (50)	0.62
Dyslipidemia	4 (31)	3 (50)	0.62
OSA severity			0.33
Mild to moderate	6 (46)	1 (17)
Severe	7 (54)	5 (83)
Sleep duration at home measured by actigraphy, h	6.4 ± 0.3	6.2 ± 0.6	0.69

Definition of abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; OSA = obstructive sleep apnea.

Data are given as mean ± SEM or n (%).

P value using Mann-Whitney nonparametric test.

^{^†}

Poorly controlled diabetes defined as HbA1c ≥7.0%.

^{^‡}

Includes metformin plus either a sulfonylurea or a thiazolidinedione.