Table 4. Interaction between carbon black (CB) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

CB dilution (μg/ml)
Replicate	25.6	12.8	8.3	6.4	4.3	3.2	2.1	1.1	0.5	LPS-free water
1	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-
2	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-
Low-dose CB+LPS dilution (μg/ml) / (EU/ml)
Replicate	8.5 / 1000	4.3 / 500	2.1 / 250	1.1 / 125	0.5 / 62.5	LPS-free water
1	+	+	+	+	-	-
2	+	+	+	+	-	-
High-dose CB+LPS dilution (μg/mL) / (EU/ml)
Replicate	25.6 / 1000	12.8 / 500	6.4 / 250	3.2 / 125	1.6 / 62.5	LPS-free water
1	-	-	-	-	-	-
2	-	-	-	-	-	-

Nanosized CB was sonicated in LPS free water and diluted in LPS free water to the concentration used for in vivo study exposure (the highest concentration of low-dose (8.5 μg/mouse), and high-dose (25.6 μg/mouse)). Each assay was performed in duplicates. “+” indicates a clot equals LPS in the sample, and “–”indicates no-clot that is equal to no LPS in the sample.