Table 1. Patients’ Characteristics in Different Groups of Organ Failure.
| Parameters | Patient Group | SOF vs. No Organ Failure, P Value | No Organ Failure vs. MOF, P Value | SOF vs. MOF, P Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Organ Failure, n = 47 | Single Organ Failure, n = 153 | Multiple Organ Failure, n = 96 | P Value | ||||
| Age, y | 29.3 ± 13.7 | 33.8 ± 17.1 | 30.1 ± 16.1 | 0.11 | 0.29 | 1.00 | 0.25 |
| Sex a | 0.26 | - | - | - | |||
| Male | 38 (80.8) | 136 (88.8) | 80 (83.3) | - | - | - | |
| Female | 9 (19.1) | 17 (11.11) | 16 (16.6) | ||||
| Prothrombin time, sec b | 15.6 ± 2.6 | 16.4 ± 3.8 | 18.6 ± 6.5 | < 0.001 | 0.97 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Activated partial Thrombin time, sec b | 27.5 ± 7.3 | 26.5 ± 6.1 | 31.0 ± 13.6 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.11 | < 0.001 |
| Coagulopathy a | < 0.001 | - | - | - | |||
| No | 45 (95.7) | 142 (92.8) | 74 (77.0) | ||||
| Yes | 2 (4.26) | 1 (7.1) | 22 (22.9) | ||||
| Blunt injury a | 42 (89.3) | 139 (90.8) | 90 (93.7) | 0.61 | - | - | - |
| Penetrating injury a | 5 (10.6) | 4 (9.10) | 6 (6.2) | ||||
| Glasgow coma scale b | 11.8 ± 4.0 | 11.9 ± 4.3 | 11.10±4.9 | 0.37 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.52 |
| Heart rate, /min b | 90.9 ± 13.5 | 92.3 ± 17.2 | 97.9 ± 21.6 | 0.03 | 1.00 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
| Injury a severity score | 0.54 | - | - | ||||
| < 24 | 143 (93.6) | 143 (93.5) | 89 (93.7) | ||||
| > 24 | 16 (6.4) | 10 (6.5) | 6 (6.3) | ||||
| Systolic BP, mmHg b | 116.3 ± 12.7 | 120.9 ± 23.2 | 115.6 ± 16.7 | 0.09 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.13 |
| PRBC, units b | 1.08 ± 2.1 | 0.9 ± 1.5 | 1.78 ± 2.1 | 0.002 | 1.00 | 0.11 | 0.002 |
| Pao 2 , mmHg b | 251.7 ± 38.9 | 140.2 ± 57.4 | 133.2 ± 65.1 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 1.000 |
| Pco 2 , mmHg b | 34.7 ± 6.08 | 37.0 ± 6.3 | 43.8 ± 44.6 | 0.065 | 1.00 | 0.14 | 0.13 |
| Hco3, mEq/L b | 21.5 ± 4.2 | 22.7 ± 3.4 | 22.5 ± 4.8 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.56 | 1.000 |
| pH b | 7.3 ± 0.1 | 7.3 ± 0.1 | 7.2 ± 0.5 | 0.49 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.78 |
| Sodium, meq/L b | 138.6 ± 5.7 | 138.8 ± 5.2 | 138.5 ± 4.9 | 0.89 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.000 |
| Potassium, meq/L b | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.76 | 4.1 ± 0. 8 | 0.02 | 0.95 | 0.03 | 0.08 |
| SOFA score b | 4.1 ± 1.2 | 5.5 ± 1.4 | 6.2 ± 1.6 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.002 |
| Bilirubin, mg % b | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| AST, u/L b | 61.5 ± 102.8 | 62.4 ± 71.2 | 212.4 ± 237.4 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine, meq/L b | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.3z | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 0.01 | 0.83 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| Urea, meq/L b | 26.4 ± 10.3 | 29.8 ± 14.9 | 37.1 ± 37.4 | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
| Hemoglobin, gms/dL b | 11.9 ± 2.2 | 11.6 ± 2.2 | 10.6 ± 2.6 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Hematocrit, % b | 35.7 ± 6.2 | 35.0 ± 6.4 | 32.1 ± 7.8 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.01 | 0.004 |
| Total leukocyte count, x/cu mm b | 14376.5 ± 5865.5 | 14950.3 ± 6627.5 | 16301.0 ± 6789.7 | 0.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Platelet, /cu mm b | 240.4 ± 118.3 | 233 ± 95.5 | 200.6 ± 84.3 | 0.01 | 1.00 | 0.06 | 0.02 |
| Amylase, U/L b | 93 (31-309) | 89 (9-645) | 89.5 (30 - 1759) | 0.08 | 1.00 | 0.3 | 0.10 |
| Lipase U/L b | 31 (17-190) | 31.5 (4-350) | 33.5 (9 - 526) | 0.05 | 1.00 | 0.16 | 0.09 |
| Length of stay, days b | 5.8 ± 7.4 | 8.4 ± 10.0 | 1 0.1 ± 11.2 | 0.63 | 0.38 | 0.05 | 0.63 |
| Infection a | 0.15 | - | - | ||||
| Yes | 40 (85.11) | 122 (79.7) | 69 (71.8) | ||||
| No | 7 (14.89) | 31 (20.2) | 27 (28.1) | ||||
| Outcome a | < 0.001 | - | - | ||||
| Dead | 45 (95.74) | 146 (95.4) | 35 (36.4) | ||||
| Alive | 2 (4.26) | 7 (4.5) | 61 (63.5) | ||||
aValues expressed as f (%) compared between the different organ failure groups using the chi-square test.
bValues expressed as mean ± SD. compared between the different organ failure groups using analysis of variance-one way ANOVA.