Table 2.

Incremental total direct health care cost per patient with ADE (€)

Type of ADE	Reference	Drug	Incremental total cost per patient with ADE (€)
Nonhospitalized patients with ADEs leading to hospitalization
Any ADE	Pirmohamed et al (2004)18	Any drug	3,682.82
	Bordet et al (2001)19	Any drug	5,187.50
	Carrasco-Garrido et al (2010)20	Any drug	4,910.12
	Kim et al (2009)21	Rhythm-control, rate-control, and combined rhythm-/rate-control drug	2,737.46
	Yee et al (2005)22	Any drug	3,593.60
	Lagnaoui et al (2000)23	Any drug	3,500.80
	Leendertse et al (2011)*, ‡, 13	Any drug	5,891.65
	Hafner et al (2002)24	Any drug	702.21
	Bates et al (1997)25	Any drug	3,209.82
	Bates et al (1997)‡,25	Any drug	5,794.99
	Rottenkolber et al (2011)26	Any drug	2,427.45
	Rottenkolber et al (2012)30	Any drug	2,140.49
	Senst et al (2001)27	Any drug	7,318.14
	Tafreshi et al (1999)28	Any drug	1,303.40
Any ADE, except skin ADE	Schneeweiss et al (2002)29	Any drug	820.16
Any ADE in pediatric population	Du et al (2013)14	Any drug	40,273.08
Any ADE in geriatric population	Leendertse et al (2011)13	Any drug	6,527.37
Hospitalized patients with ADEs during the hospitalization
Any ADE	Rottenkolber et al (2012)30	Any drug	1,049.69
	Senst et al (2001)27	Any drug	2,366.77
	Hug et al (2012)¥,31	Any drug	3,030.79
	Hug et al (2012)µ,31	Any drug	3,234.61
	Hug et al (2012)§,31	Any drug	7,192.36
	Schneider et al (1995)32	Any drug	943.40
	Suh et al (2000)33	Any drug	5,972.74
	Classen et al (1997)34	Any drug	2,797.92
Skin ADE	Giuliani and Marzola (2013)35	Erlotinib	1,105.54
Other (both hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients; spontaneous reports)
Any ADE	Gyllensten et al (2014)36	Any drug	349.98
	Lang et al (2009)48	Radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy	8,509.24
	Paessens et al (2011)49	Multidrug chemotherapy	4,213.97
Skin ADE	Ray et al (2013)50	Panitumumab or cetuximab	13,150.34
	Ray et al (2013)50	Erlotinib or gefitinib	14,860.76
	Ray et al (2013)50	Cetuximab	15,037.97
	Borovicka et al (2011)37	Molecularly targeted cancer agents	1,592.89
	Noize et al (2010)¥,38	Ketoprofen for topical use	373.33
	Noize et al (2010)µ,38	Ketoprofen for topical use	3,383.56
Dyskinesia	Suh et al (2012)39	Levodopa	4,617.65
Infusion ADEβ	Foley et al (2010)α,44	Cetuximab	5,603.70
Hypoglycemia	Parekh et al (2014)□,15	Antimicrobial drugs	25.41
Constipation	Wan et al (2015)*,16	Opioids	8,711.33
Constipation	Wan et al (2015)£,16	Opioids	4,606.79
Constipation	Wan et al (2015)§,16	Opioids	1,240.17
Any ADE in pediatric population	Tundia et al (2011)17	Any drug	3,242.59

Notes:

^*Population aged <65 years;

^£population aged 18< n <65 years;

^□population aged >65 years;

^‡preventable;

^¥any ADE;

^µonly serious ADE;

^§only life-threatening ADE;

^αmean of both hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients;

^βallergic and hypersensitivity ADE; ¤patients with long-term treatment with opioids.

Abbreviation: ADE, adverse drug event.