Table 2.
Univariable Analysis and Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Model of Preoperative and Postoperative Features Associated with Disease-Free Survival in the Primary Cohort (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, n=189 Patients)
| Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median DFS, mo | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95%CI) | p Value | |
| Preoperative | |||||
| Age | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.047 | 0.98 (0.97–1.01) | 0.13 | |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 23.4 | 0.93 | |||
| Male | 19.6 | ||||
| Hepatitis | |||||
| Yes | 16.6 | 0.11 | |||
| No | 20 | ||||
| PSC/IBD | |||||
| Yes | 28.1 | 0.45 | |||
| No | 17.8 | ||||
| Preoperative tumor size | 1.10 (1.05–1.15) | <0.001 | 1.09 (1.04–1.14) | <0.001* | |
| Preoperative multiple tumor | |||||
| Yes | 12 | 0.002 | 1.73 (1.12–2.70) | 0.013* | |
| No | 23.4 | ||||
| Preoperative enlarged lymph node | |||||
| Yes | 16.9 | 0.66 | |||
| No | 19.7 | ||||
| Total bilirubin, mg/L | 1.03 (0.98–1.09) | 0.224 | |||
| CA19-9, U/mL | 1 (1-1) | 0.004 | 1 (1-1) | 0.3 | |
| Neoadjuvant therapy | |||||
| Yes | 15.6 | 0.32 | |||
| No | 20 | ||||
| Postoperative | |||||
| Tumor size, cm | 1.11 (1.06–1.15) | <0.001 | 1.10 (1.05–1.15) | <0.001* | |
| Multiple lesions | |||||
| Yes | 13.2 | <0.001 | 1.82 (1.22–2.71) | 0.003* | |
| No | 26.9 | ||||
| Underlying liver | |||||
| Normal | 16.9 | 0.66 | |||
| Steatosis | 21 | ||||
| Cirrhosis | 23.7 | ||||
| Tumor differentiation | 0.037 | 0.79 | |||
| Vascular invasion | |||||
| Absent | 32 | <0.001 | Reference† | 0.022* | |
| Micro | 12.4 | 1.65 (1.05–2.58) | 0.028* | ||
| Macro | 9.6 | 1.93 (1.13–3.31) | 0.016* | ||
| Perineural invasion | |||||
| Yes | 15 | 0.008 | 1.26 (0.80–1.98) | 0.32 | |
| No | 20 | ||||
| Extrahepatic invasion‡ | |||||
| Yes | 13.2 | 0.054 | 0.83 | ||
| No | 20.5 | ||||
| Morphological type | |||||
| Mass-forming | 19.7 | 0.78 | |||
| Periductal invasion | 17.8 | ||||
| Margin status | |||||
| Negative | 20 | 0.54 | |||
| Positive | 19.5 | ||||
| pN stage | |||||
| pN0 | 26.9 | <0.001 | Reference§ | <0.001* | |
| pN1 | 8.2 | 2.77 (1.52–5.03) | <0.001* | ||
| pNx | 20 | 1.03 (0.69–1.53) | 0.89 | ||
| Adjuvant therapy | |||||
| Yes | 15 | 0.021 | 0.95 (0.58–1.56) | 0.84 | |
| No | 26.4 | ||||
All variables with p>0.1 in univariable analysis were included in the Cox proportional hazards regression model.
*
Significant.
†
Patients with microvascular invasion and macrovascular invasion were respectively compared to patients without vascular invasion on tumor specimen.
‡
Gallbladder excluded.
§
pN1 and pNx patients were respectively compared to pN0 patients.
CA19-9, carcinogen antigen 19-9; PSC/IBD, primary sclerosing cholangitis/inflammatory bowel disease.