Table 1.

Sample characteristics before matching on post-test mathematics achievement

	Before Matching				Difference in Means
	Treatment		Control
	Mean/% of sample	SD	Mean/% of sample	SD
Mathematics Achievement
Pre-test (before pre-K)	−3.25	0.86	−3.17	0.80
Post-test (end of pre-K)	−1.86	0.65	−2.27	0.75	**
Follow-up (end of K)	−1.07	0.66	−1.19	0.69	*
Child Characteristics
Male	0.50		0.49
Age	4.32	0.35	4.38	0.35	*
Free and reduced price lunch	0.71		0.74
Language	0.08	1.01	−0.13	1.07	*
Literacy	−0.01	1.02	0.06	1.01	*
Maternal Education
No high school	0.11		0.10
High school	0.23		0.21
Some college	0.30		0.23		*
College	0.11		0.13
N	418		361

Note. Mathematics achievement scores are Rasch scores. Language and literacy scores are z scores. Age is in years, and all other variables are proportions.

⁺p<0.10;

^*p<.05;

^**p<.01.