Table 1.
Social-demographic and behavioral characteristics of newly and previously identified index cases (ICs).
| Variables | Newly identified HIV positivesa |
Previously identified HIV positivesb |
Total |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 148 | % | n = 105 | % | n = 253 | % | |
| Field sites (χ2 = 7.29, p = 0.007) | ||||||
| Hangzhou | 97 | 65.5 | 51 | 47.2 | 148 | 58.5 |
| Kunming | 51 | 34.5 | 54 | 52.8 | 105 | 41.5 |
| Age (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.004) | ||||||
| 20–29 | 69 | 46.6 | 28 | 26.7 | 97 | 38.3 |
| 30–39 | 48 | 32.4 | 41 | 39.1 | 89 | 35.2 |
| 40–49 | 24 | 16.2 | 32 | 30.5 | 56 | 22.1 |
| ≥50 | 7 | 4.7 | 4 | 3.8 | 11 | 4.4 |
| Education | ||||||
| Primary school or less | 13 | 8.8 | 7 | 6.7 | 20 | 7.9 |
| High school | 74 | 50.0 | 64 | 61.0 | 138 | 54.6 |
| College graduate or above | 61 | 41.2 | 34 | 32.4 | 95 | 37.6 |
| Marriage | ||||||
| Single | 90 | 60.8 | 62 | 59.1 | 152 | 60.1 |
| Married | 47 | 31.8 | 29 | 27.6 | 76 | 30.0 |
| Divorce/widowed | 10 | 6.8 | 13 | 12.4 | 23 | 9.1 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0.7 | 1 | 1.0 | 2 | 0.8 |
| Self-reported sexual role | ||||||
| Mainly insertive | 29 | 19.6 | 31 | 29.5 | 60 | 23.7 |
| Mainly receptive | 62 | 41.9 | 31 | 29.5 | 93 | 36.8 |
| Both | 57 | 38.5 | 43 | 41.0 | 100 | 39.5 |
| Self-reported sexual orientation | ||||||
| Homosexual | 96 | 64.9 | 82 | 78.1 | 178 | 70.4 |
| Heterosexual | 1 | 0.7 | 1 | 1.0 | 2 | 0.8 |
| Bisexual | 50 | 33.8 | 22 | 21.0 | 72 | 28.5 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Frequency of condom use in the past 6 months (Fisher’s exact test, P < 0.001) | ||||||
| Never | 14 | 9.5 | 1 | 1.0 | 15 | 5.9 |
| Sometimes | 90 | 60.8 | 28 | 26.7 | 118 | 46.6 |
| Every time | 44 | 29.7 | 56 | 53.3 | 100 | 39.5 |
| Unknown | 0 | 0.0 | 20 | 19.1 | 20 | 7.9 |
| Presence of stable male sexual partner (χ2 = 28.57, p < 0.001) | ||||||
| Yes | 47 | 31.8 | 35 | 33.3 | 82 | 32.4 |
| Yes, but not currently | 10 | 6.7 | 32 | 30.5 | 42 | 16.6 |
| No | 91 | 61.5 | 38 | 36.2 | 129 | 51.0 |
| No. of stable sexual partners in the past year (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.001) | ||||||
| 0 | 2 | 3.5 | 23 | 34.3 | 25 | 20.2 |
| 1 | 32 | 56.1 | 37 | 55.2 | 69 | 55.7 |
| ≥2 | 23 | 40.4 | 7 | 10.5 | 30 | 24.2 |
| Presence of casual sexual partners (non-commercial) | ||||||
| Yes | 115 | 77.7 | 92 | 87.6 | 207 | 81.8 |
| No | 21 | 14.2 | 13 | 12.4 | 34 | 13.4 |
| Unknown | 12 | 8.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 12 | 4.7 |
| No. of casual partners in the past six months (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.002) | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | 0.9 | 9 | 9.8 | 10 | 4.8 |
| 1–3 | 80 | 69.6 | 65 | 70.7 | 145 | 70.1 |
| 4–9 | 29 | 25.2 | 11 | 12.0 | 40 | 19.3 |
| ≥10 | 5 | 4.4 | 7 | 7.6 | 12 | 5.8 |
| Presence of commercial sexual partners | ||||||
| Yes | 1 | 0.7 | 2 | 1.9 | 3 | 1.2 |
| No | 50 | 33.8 | 82 | 78.1 | 132 | 52.2 |
| Unknown | 97 | 65.5 | 21 | 20.0 | 118 | 46.6 |
| Presence of other heterosexual partners (non-spouse) | ||||||
| Yes | 2 | 1.4 | 6 | 5.7 | 8 | 3.2 |
| No | 113 | 76.4 | 97 | 92.4 | 210 | 83.0 |
| Unknown | 33 | 22.3 | 2 | 1.9 | 35 | 13.8 |
a
Newly identified HIV-positive ICs included newly HIV infected MSM identified and invited through HIV testing promotion program and PN and testing process.
b
Previously identified HIV-positive ICs were previously identified HIV infected MSM recruited in the first round of PN and testing process.