Table 3.
Frequency of adverse drug events according to drug class
| Drug Class | ADEs, n (%) (n = 955) |
Preventable ADEs, n (%) (n = 166) |
Non-preventable ADEs, n (%) (n = 789) |
Potential ADEs, n (%) (n = 186) |
Intercepted potential ADEs, n (%) (n = 23) |
Non-intercepted potential ADEs, n (%) (n = 163) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibiotics | 10 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 10 (1.3) | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.2) |
| Antihypertensives | 14 (1.5) | 3 (1.8) | 11 (1.4) | 7 (3.8) | 1 (4.3) | 6 (3.7) |
| Cardiovascular drugs | 8 (0.8) | 1 (0.6) | 7 (0.9) | 12 (6.5) | 2 (8.7) | 10 (6.1) |
| Anticoagulants | 9 (0.9) | 2 (1.2) | 7 (0.9) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Antihyperlipidemics | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Antidiabetics | 10 (1.0) | 2 (1.2) | 8 (1.0) | 9 (4.8) | 1 (4.3) | 8 (4.9) |
| Peptic ulcer drugs | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Laxatives | 40 (4.2) | 10 (6.0) | 30 (3.8) | 7 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 7 (4.3) |
| NSAIDs | 6 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 6 (0.8) | 7 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 7 (4.3) |
| Antiallergic agents | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Electrolytes or fluids | 58 (6.1) | 50 (30.1) | 8 (1.0) | 21 (11.3) | 1 (4.3) | 20 (12.3) |
| Chinese herbal medicines | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Sedatives (benzodiazepine) | 66 (6.9) | 28 (16.9) | 38 (4.8) | 53 (28.5) | 0 (0) | 53 (32.5) |
| Sedatives (other) | 15 (1.6) | 4 (2.4) | 11 (1.4) | 5 (2.7) | 1 (4.3) | 4 (2.5) |
| Anxiolytics | 31 (3.2) | 6 (3.6) | 25 (3.2) | 5 (2.7) | 2 (8.7) | 3 (1.8) |
| Antidepressants (SSRI, SNRI, NaSSA) | 58 (6.1) | 2 (1.2) | 56 (7.1) | 4 (2.2) | 3 (13.0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Antidepressants (other) | 62 (6.5) | 6 (3.6) | 56 (7.1) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (4.7) | 0 (0) |
| Mood stabilizers | 45 (4.7) | 14 (8.4) | 31 (3.9) | 4 (2.2) | 2 (8.7) | 2 (1.2) |
| Antipsychotics (atypical) | 323 (33.8) | 32 (19.3) | 291 (36.9) | 34 (18.3) | 6 (26.1) | 28 (17.2) |
| Antipsychotics (typical) | 125 (13.1) | 4 (2.6) | 121 (15.3) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Anticonvulsants | 8 (0.8) | 1 (0.6) | 7 (0.9) | 3 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.8) |
| Anti-parkinsonian drugs | 24 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 24 (3.0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) |
| Anti-dementia medicines | 5 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 5 (0.6) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (4.3) | 0 (0) |
| Other drugs | 32 (3.4) | 1 (0.6) | 31 (3.9) | 8 (4.3) | 2 (8.7) | 6 (3.7) |
| Psychiatric drugsa | 762 (79.8) | 97 (58.4) | 665 (84.3) | 112 (60.2) | 16 (69.6) | 96 (58.9) |
| Non-psychiatric drugsb | 193 (20.2) | 69 (41.6) | 124 (15.7) | 74 (39.8) | 7 (30.4) | 67 (41.1) |
| All drugs | 955 (100) | 166 (100) | 789 (100) | 186 (100) | 23 (100) | 163 (100) |
ADEs adverse drug events, NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; SNRI serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, NaSSA noradrenergic and specific serotonin antidepressants
aPsychiatric drugs include: sedatives (benzodiazepine), sedatives (other), anxiolytics, antidepressants (SSRI, SNRI, NaSSA), antidepressants (other), mood stabilizers, antipsychotics (atypical), antipsychotics (typical), anticonvulsants, anti-parkinsonian drugs and anti-dementia medicines
bNon-psychiatric drugs include: antibiotics, antihypertensives, cardiovascular drugs, anticoagulants, antihyperlipidemics, antidiabetics, peptic ulcer drugs, laxatives, NSAIDs, antiallergic agents, electrolytes or fluids, Chinese herbal medicines and other drugs