Addition of hhep25 reduces hemoglobin–mediated early kidney injury. Periodic acid–Schiff staining of (A) renal sections, (B) renal HO-1 protein expression, (C) urinary NGAL and KIM-1, and (D) renal mRNA expression of IL-6 and Ngal in control, hemoglobin-treated, hhep25-treated, or hhep25 administered at the same time (hhep25+hb) or 4 hours after hemoglobin (hb+hhep25) –treated mice. Representative blots are shown in B. For B and D, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparisons test was used, and for C, two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparisons test was used. Hb, hemoglobin. *P<0.05 compared with control; **P<0.01 compared with control; ***P<0.001 compared with control; #P<0.05 compared with hemoglobin; ###P<0.001 compared with hemoglobin.