Blockade of either TNFα, or estradiol signaling does not inhibit FF induced AID mRNA induction. Induced AID expression in FTECs following 4-h incubation of iFTECs with either control medium (c), FF pool (n = 4, Wilcoxon test P = .021), or TNFα (5 ng/ml, n = 4, P = .021), as well as 24-h incubation with 10 nM β-Estradiol (E2, n = 4, P = .021). Blockade of TNFα by infliximab (inf., 10 μg/ml, n = 3), of E2 by fulvestrant (ful., 100 nM, n = 3), or of both factors together (n = 3) did not attenuate FF induced AID transcription (P > .05). Controls were carried out by incubation of the cells with either fulvestrant (n = 3), infliximab (n = 3), a combination of fulvestrant and infliximab (n = 3), a combination of E2 and fulvestrant (n = 3) or a combination of TNFα and infliximab (n = 3). Results are presented as fold induction compared to normal control medium. # represents data that is significantly different from control, but insignificantly different from FF-treated cells.