Table 4.
Included studies—nonsurgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis: adjunctive antiseptic therapy
| Publication | Design | Population | Case definition | Period | Test | Control | Mean (SD) outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strooker et al. [22] | RCT Split-mouth design | 16 patients each with 4 mandibular implants and bar retained over denture | Not reported | 5 months | Supra-/subgingival scaling (carbon curettes) + polishing (rubber cup) + phosphoric acid gel (35 %) in sulcus for 1 min | Supra-/subgingival scaling (carbon curettes) + polishing (rubber cup) Once every month | Test (subject level) |
| Once every month | BOP: 30.5 (27.5) (BL) to 9.7 (10.97) % (5 months) | ||||||
| GI: 0.92 (0.75) (BL) to 0.34 (0.38) (5 months) | |||||||
| PD: 2.97 (0.68) (BL) to 2.34 (0.54) mm (5 months) | |||||||
| Control (subject level) | |||||||
| BOP: 29.2 (29.44) (BL) to 14.3 (22.47) % (5 months) | |||||||
| GI: 0.82 (0.8) (BL) to 0.57 (0.6) (5 months) | |||||||
| PD: 2.83 (0.57) (BL) to 2.48 (0.49) mm (5 months) | |||||||
| Sign. between group difference in mean GI values and colony-forming units at 5 months | |||||||
| Porras et al. [20] | RCT, parallel | 16 patients | Supra- and subgingival plaque | 3 months | OHI + mechanical cleansing (plastic scaler, rubber cups, polishing paste) + local irrigation CHX (0.12 %) and topical CHX gel application + 0.12 % CHX mouthrinse twice for 10 days | OHI + mechanical cleansing (plastic scaler, rubber cups, polishing paste) | mBI and BOP (%) scores: no sign. differences between groups at 1 and 3 months |
| 28 implants | PD ≤5 mm BOP + “incipient” radiographic lesion | PD values: | |||||
| 3 implant types (plasma-sprayed Ti/cp Ti (HA-coated Ti) | Test: 3.27 (0.81) (BL) to 2.71 (0.70) mm (3 months) | ||||||
| Control: 3.48 (0.61) (BL) to 2.55 (0.72) mm (3 months) | |||||||
| Changes in mean PD between test and control groups at 3 months were statistically significant (0.56 vs. 0.93 mm) | |||||||
| Microbiological improvements in both groups | |||||||
| Thone-Mühling et al. [17] | RCT, parallel | 11 patients | BOP + and/or GI ≥1 absence of radiographic bone loss during the last 2 years | 8 months | OHI + mechanical cleansing (plastic scaler and polyetheretherketone-coated ultrasonic instruments) + topical CHX gel application once + full mouth disinfection (deep scaling in one session + CHX disinfection of tongue and tonsils) + 0.2 % CHX mouthrinse 2×/day and tonsil spraying 1×/day for 14 days | OHI + mechanical cleansing (plastic scaler and polyetheretherketone-coated ultrasonic instruments) + full mouth scaling in one session | Test |
| 36 implants | BOP: 0.22 (0.11) (BL) to 0.16 (0.09) % (8 months) | ||||||
| 2 implant types | GI: 0.6 (0.24) (BL) to 0.44 (0.23) (8 months) | ||||||
| PD: 3.4 (0.68) (BL) to 2.82 (0.59) mm (8 months) | |||||||
| Control | |||||||
| BOP: 0.17 (0.19) (BL) to 0.17 (0.11) % (8 months) | |||||||
| GI: 0.62 (0.36) (BL) to 0.43 (0.37) (8 months) | |||||||
| PD: 3.49 (0.78) (BL) to 2.84 (0.64) mm (8 months) | |||||||
| Bacterial recolonization over time |
BL baseline, BOP bleeding on probing, GI modified gingival index, mBI modified bleeding index, OHI oral hygiene instructions, PD probing pocket depth, RCT randomized controlled clinical study