Table 1.
Characteristics of included papers
| First author/year | Design | Data source | Age | Definition and type of disability | Pre-existing disability determination | Definition and type of injury | % injured with disabilities/without disabilitiesa | Quality assessmentb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dunne RG, 1993 | CC | National Health Interview Survey, 1988 | 0–17 years | Developmental disability, mainly cognitive disability | Developmental delays not likely the result of injury | Injury requiring medical attention in past 12 months reported by care giver | 28.7/26.2 % | 17–19 |
| Leland NL, 1994 | CO | Preschool children in two day care programs | 30–72 months | Medical diagnosis of physical or cognitive disability; 63 % with cognitive disability | Enrolled in one of two day care programs based on disability | Day care injury logs as required by state law | 4.8/2.5 % | 20–21 |
| Sherrard J, 2002 | CO | Australian Child and Adolescent Development program, 1990–1991 and 1995–1996 | 4–18 years | Cognitive disability, intelligence quotient <70 | Biopsychosocial data collected in 1990–1991, injury assessed in 1995–1996 | Medically attended injuries in past 12 months reported by care giver | — | 19–20 |
| Xiang H, 2005 | CS | National Health Interview Survey, 2000–2002 | 5–17 years | ICF—limitations in social activities because of chronic physical or mental conditions | Disabling condition for at least 1 year before the interview | Medically attended injuries in past 3 months | 4.1/2.5 % | 21–21 |
| Slayter EM, 2006 | CS | Medicaid-eligible children in 26 states, 1999 eligibility and claims data | 1–20 years | Cognitive disability, ICD-9-CM codes 317–319 | Cognitive disability codes unrelated to injury | ICD-9-CM injury codes in Medicaid claims data | 36.9/23.5 % | 20–22 |
| Chen G, 2007 | CS | Ohio Medicaid claims data 2002 | 0–12 years | ICF—limitations in social activities because of chronic physical or mental conditions | Medicaid designated disability, limitations as the result of a chronic condition | ICD-9-CM codes for burns 940–949 | 1.03/0.77 % | 20–22 |
| Mann JR, 2007 | CS | South Carolina Medicaid claims data, 2002–2003 | 1–18 years | Hearing loss, ICD-9-CM codes 389.0–389.9 | Hearing loss diagnosis in both 2002 and 2003, injury in 2003 | ICD-9-CM codes for injuries, Barell Matrix categories | 17.7/8.6 % | 21–21 |
| Lee LC, 2008 | CS | National Survey of Children’s Health, 2003–2004 | 3–5 years | Learning disability | Disabilities unrelated to injury | Medically attended injuries in the past year | 16.6/12.2 % | 20–22 |
| Sinclair SA, 2008 | CS | National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2005 | 0–17 years | ICF—limitations in activities, excluding those with multiple disabilities | Excluded children who had an injury less than 1 year before the interview that resulted in a disability | Medically attended injuries in past 3 months | 3.8/2.5 % | 21–21 |
| Raman SR, 2009 | CS | Health behavior in school-age children survey, Canada 2002 | Grades 6–10 | ICF—long-term disability with participation and activity limitations | Disability is reported to be long term, past year injuries with reported consequences | Student self-report of medically attended injuries in the past 12 months | 67.4/51.4 % | 20–20 |
| Ramirez M, 2010 | CO | 35 schools in urban district of Los Angeles, 1994–1998, n = 147,460 | 5–19 years | Qualified for special education services by California Department of Education | Students enrolled for services, subsequent school injuries | Injuries during school activities | 3.8/1.5 % | 19–21 |
| Brenner RA, 2013 | CS | National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, 2006–2007 | 0–17 years | Autism, blindness, cerebral palsy, deafness or trouble hearing, intellectual disability, ADD, ADHD, learning disability | Caregivers surveyed, disabilities unrelated to injury | All non-work unintentional injuries | 10.4/10.5 % | 19–20 |
| Tsang SL, 2012 | CS | Students in 2 mainstream and 3 special schools | 6–12 years | Cognitive disability, intelligence quotient <70 | Caregivers surveyed, disability unrelated to injury | Unintentional household injuries; home | 61.6/32.0 % | 19–19 |
| Zhu HP, 2012 | CS | Registry database of China Disabled Persons’ Federation | 1–14 years | ICF | Causes of limitations were known | All medical attention injuries in the past year; home, school, other locations | 10.2/4.4 % | 20–20 |
| Othman N, 2013 | CC | Burn center and admitted patients in a children’s hospital in Iraq | 0–5 years | Visual or hearing impairment, epileptic seizures, learning disabilities, walking problems | Reason for admission is known, excluded those with previous burn injury | Burns; home | — | 17–18 |
CC case–control study, CO cohort study, CS cross-sectional study, ICF International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, ICD-9-CM International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, ADD attention deficit disorder, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
aSome references did not provide the proportion injured or lacked data to calculate percentages
bNumber of items among the 22 items in STROBE checklists judged by two reviewers