Table 3.
Summary of findings from the included studies ( n = 4)
| Study | Ivanovski et al. [ 34 ] | Donos et al. [ 35 ] | Bryington et al. [ 36 ] | Thalji et al. [ 37 ] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Design | 9 patients; 9 implants placed | 18 patients; 18 implants placed | 10 patients; 60 implants placed | 11 patients; 44 implants placed |
| Total RNA extracted from peri-implant tissue (trephine) | 16 samples analyzed | 42 samples analyzed | Total RNA extracted from implant adherent cells (reverse thread) | |
| Total RNA extracted from peri-implant tissue (trephine) | Total RNA extracted from implant adherent cells (reverse thread) | |||
| Surface | SLActive | SLA vs. SLActive | TiOBlast vs. Osseospeed | TiOBlast vs. Osseospeed |
| GE day 3/4 | Upregulated | Upregulated on SLA | Upregulated on both surfaces | No significant differences between surfaces at any time point (P > 0.05) |
| CKs (TNF-a, IL-6, IL-2) | Neurogenesis | Osteogenesis (Runx2, Osx, BMP6, OPN) | Results presented as GE at day 7 vs. day 3 for each surface | |
| Immune-inflammatory cells (LC, MP) | Collagen organization | Inflammatory CKs (IL-1A,B, TNF) | ||
| Inflammatory NF-kB p/w | Upregulated on SLActive | MP activity | ||
| Ras protein p/w | Upregulated on Osseospeed | |||
| Collagen organization | Chemotaxis (CCL18, CXCL10, CXCL14) | |||
| CK response | Anti-inflammatory CKs (TOLLIP, IL9, IL22) | |||
| GE day 7 | Upregulated | Upregulated on both surfaces | Upregulated on both surfaces | Upregulated on both surfaces |
| MSC genes (HOX, Sp3) | Inflammatory CKs (IL1, IL2, IL6, TNFS) | Osteogenesis (Runx2, Osx*, OCN*, OPN, BMP6, BSP) | ECM (Coll, GPs, PGs) | |
| GF (TGF-B receptor) | Neurogenesis | [* Osseo > TiOB; P < 0.05] | Collagen organization (PLODs, LOX, PCOLCE) | |
| VEGF sig. (vs. day 14) | Upregulated on SLActive | Angiogenesis/VEGF sig. (ANXA, EPAS1) | ||
| Wnt p/w | Neurogenesis (BDNF, NTF3) | Ossification | ||
| Downregulated | ECM (OPN) | Remodeling (MMPs, TIMPs) | ||
| Inflammatory NF-kB p/w (vs. day 4) | BMP p/w (BMP4, BMP2K) | Osteoclastic (CTSK, ACP5) | ||
| MAPK sig. | Chemotaxis (CKs, MP activity) | |||
| Mineralization | Anti-inflammatory CKs (CCL22, CCL18) | |||
| Focal adhesion (integrins) | Downregulated on both surfaces | |||
| Angiogenesis (VEGF sig., P13-Akt p/w) | Inflammatory CKs (IL1A, IL1B) | |||
| Downregulated on SLActive | ||||
| Inflammatory cells (LC) | ||||
| GE day 14 | Upregulated | Upregulated on both surfaces | - | |
| ECM (Coll, OC, ON, ALP) | BMP p/w (BMP4, BMP2K) | |||
| TFs (Osx, Dlx5, Twist1, Smad6) | Downregulated on both surfaces | |||
| Remodeling (MMP, CTSK) | Inflammatory cells (LC) | |||
| GFs (BMP, GDF) | ||||
| Angiogenesis (VEGF sig.) | ||||
| Neurogenesis | ||||
| TGF-b/BMP, Notch p/w | ||||
| Ras protein p/w | ||||
| Wnt-receptor genes | ||||
| Notch genes (up/down) | ||||
| Downregulated | ||||
| Inflammatory response (vs. day 7) |
GE, gene expression; CKs, cytokines; p/w, pathway; MSC, mesenchymal stem cells; GF, growth factors; sig., signaling; ECM, extracellular matrix; TFs, transcription factors; MP, macrophage; LC, lymphocytes; GPs, glycoproteins; PGs, proteoglycans.