Table 3.
Associations among measures of gait characteristics and measures of inflammatory and vascular biomarkers in symptomatic patients with peripheral artery disease
| Variables | Gait speed | Gait cadence | Gait stride length |
|---|---|---|---|
| Endothelial cell measures | |||
| Apoptosis (n = 166) | −0.02 | 0.03 | −0.01 |
| Cellular ROS production | −0.06 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| NF-κB activity (n = 157) | −0.12 | −0.10 | −0.05 |
| Circulating measures | |||
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (n = 231) | −0.19* | −0.19* | −0.07 |
| Tumor necrosis factor alpha (n = 172) | −0.09 | −0.00 | −0.09 |
| Interleukin-6 (n = 172) | −0.12 | −0.01 | −0.08 |
| Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (n = 189) | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.07 |
| Hydroxyl radical antioxidant rapacity (n = 162) | 0.08 | 0.16* | 0.02 |
| E selectin (n = 172) | −0.10 | −0.02 | −0.07 |
| Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (n = 172) | −0.21* | −0.00 | −0.22* |
| Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (n = 172) | −0.14 | 0.05 | −0.12 |
| Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (n = 172) | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Leptin (n = 172) | −0.00 | −0.03 | 0.07 |
| Adiponectin (n = 172) | −0.07 | 0.10 | −0.12 |
| Homeostasis model assessment (n = 200) | −0.19* | −0.08 | −0.14* |
| Apolipoprotein B (n = 172) | 0.05 | −0.02 | 0.07 |
| Apolipoprotein CIII (n = 172) | −0.11 | 0.02 | −0.16* |
Values are Spearman partial correlation coefficients, controlled for age, BMI, ABI, sex, race, current smoking, and obesity
ROS reactive oxygen species
*p < 0.05