Table 1.
Cigarettes per day among current smokers and cancer in women
| Smoking use | Never a |
1–10 cigarettes per day
|
11–20 cigarettes per day
|
20–40 cigarettes per day
|
> 40 cigarettes per day
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number in cohort | 82 032 |
9784
|
13 513
|
8017
|
630
|
||||
| Cancer type | Case ( n ) | Case ( n ) | Relative risk b(95% CI) | Case ( n ) | Relative risk b(95% CI) | Case ( n ) | Relative risk b(95% CI) | Case ( n ) | Relative risk b(95% CI) |
| Oral cavity and pharynx | 69 | 23 | 2.9 (1.8–4.8) | 56 | 5.2 (3.6–7.4) | 37 | 5.8 (3.8–8.8) | 4 | 8.0 (2.9–22.2) |
| Oral cavity | 36 | 8 | 2.2 (1–4.7) | 30 | 5.6 (3.4–9.2) | 20 | 6.5 (3.7–11.4) | 0 | nd |
| Oropharynx | 22 | 11 | 3.8 (1.8–7.9) | 21 | 5.3 (2.8–9.7) | 15 | 6.1 (3.1–12.2) | 3 | 15.2 (4.4–52) |
| Hypopharynx | 5 | 1 | nd | 5 | 7.6 (2.1–27.1) | 2 | nd | 1 | nd |
| Nasopharynx | 6 | 3 | 4.3 (1–17.9) | 0 | nd | 0 | nd | 0 | nd |
| Respiratory tract | |||||||||
| Nasal cavity | 10 | 1 | nd | 3 | 1.6 (0.4–5.9) | 6 | 5.5 (1.9–16) | 0 | nd |
| Larynx | 5 | 11 | 18.4 (6.3–53.3) | 29 | 37.1 (14.3–96.6) | 29 | 65.2 (24.9–170.9) | 4 | 118.8 (31.4–449.4) |
| Lung | 281 | 375 | 12.2 (10.4–14.2) | 800 | 19.8 (17.3–22.7) | 643 | 28.4 (24.6–32.8) | 75 | 44.2 (34.2–57.2) |
| Lung adenocarcinoma | 155 | 131 | 7.4 (5.9–9.4) | 287 | 12.4 (10.2–15.2) | 204 | 15.7 (12.7–19.5) | 25 | 25.7 (16.8–39.4) |
| Lung small-cell | 15 | 62 | 38.4 (21.8–67.6) | 148 | 70.2 (41.2–119.7) | 151 | 129.3 (75.7–220.7) | 16 | 185.8 (91.4–377.7) |
| Lung squamous-cell | 7 | 57 | 74 (33.7–162.6) | 126 | 127.6 (59.5–273.9) | 93 | 173.8 (80.3–376.3) | 9 | 233.7 (86.6–630.6) |
| Lung undifferentiated | 8 | 24 | 26.2 (11.7–58.6) | 44 | 37 (17.3–79.2) | 23 | 34.1 (15–77.4) | 1 | nd |
| Alimentary tract | |||||||||
| Oesophageal squamous-cell | 10 | 3 | 2.1 (0.6–8) | 20 | 12.6 (5.7–28.1) | 5 | 5.4 (1.8–16.7) | 0 | nd |
| Oesophageal adenocarcinoma | 10 | 1 | nd | 3 | 1.6 (0.4–6.2) | 6 | 5.4 (1.8–16.2) | 0 | nd |
| Stomach | 86 | 10 | 1.1 (0.6–2.2) | 17 | 1.6 (0.9–2.6) | 7 | 1.2 (0.5–2.6) | 2 | nd |
| Colon | 722 | 101 | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 146 | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | 73 | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 1 | nd |
| Rectum | 245 | 30 | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 55 | 1.5 (1.1–2) | 24 | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 6 | 4.0 (1.7–9) |
| Liver | 46 | 6 | 1.3 (0.5–3) | 11 | 1.7 (0.9–3.4) | 4 | 1.1 (0.4–3.2) | 1 | nd |
| Pancreas | 213 | 58 | 2.6 (2.0–3.5) | 60 | 2.1 (1.6–2.8) | 32 | 2.0 (1.4–2.9) | 2 | nd |
| Urinary tract | |||||||||
| Bladder | 131 | 50 | 3.5 (2.5–4.9) | 82 | 4.5 (3.4–5.9) | 63 | 6.2 (4.5–8.4) | 4 | 5.2 (1.9–14.1) |
| Renal pelvis | 10 | 3 | 3.4 (0.9–12.4) | 9 | 7.6 (3–19.3) | 7 | 10.7 (3.9–29.4) | 0 | nd |
| Ureter | 6 | 2 | nd | 5 | 6.3 (1.8–21.7) | 2 | 4.3 (0.8–22.7) | 0 | nd |
| Kidney | 196 | 25 | 1.1 (0.8–1.8) | 36 | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 18 | 1.2 (0.7–1.9) | 4 | 3.5 (1.3–9.4) |
| Other | |||||||||
| AML | 48 | 12 | 2.4 (1.2–4.5) | 8 | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) | 4 | 1.0 (0.3–2.7) | 0 | nd |
| Cervical | 56 | 14 | 2.1 (1.2–3.8) | 16 | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 15 | 3.2 (1.8–5.7) | 0 | nd |
| Ovary (mucinous) | 12 | 2 | nd | 3 | 1.6 (0.4–5.8) | 0 | nd | 0 | nd |
nd, not determined; AML, acute myeloid leukemia.
a Referent group: never smokers are participants who did not smoke cigarettes, pipes or cigars.
b Adjusted for age, education, alcohol intake, self-reported ethnicity and smoking pipes or cigars.