Table 2.
Summary of DTI abnormalities of the main brain structures associated with delirium incidence and severity
|
Delirium incidence |
Delirium severity |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD | FA | MD | RD | AD | FA | MD | RD | |
| Cerebellum | ns | ↓↓L | ↑*,R | ↑↑*,R | ↑**,B | ns | ↑**,B | ↑**,B |
| Cingulum | ns | ↓↓ B | ns | ns | ↑B | ↓↓ B | ↑B | ↑↑B |
| Corpus callosum | ns | ↓↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ | ns | ↓↓ | ↑ | ↑↑ |
| Hippocampus | ns | ns | ns | ns | ↑↑**,L | ns | ↑↑**,B | ↑↑**,B |
| Internal capsule | ns | ↓↓ L | ns | ns | ns | ↓↓ L | ↑↑**,B | ↑↑*,L |
| Occipital lobe | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ↓↓ R | ns | ↑↑B |
| Parietal lobe | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ↓↓ R | ↑R | ↑R |
| Temporal lobe | ns | ns | ns | ns | ↑↑**,L | ns | ↑↑**,B | ↑↑**,B |
| Thalamus | ns | ↓↓ L | ns | ns | ↑↑*,L | ↓↓ B | ↑↑**,B | ↑↑**,B |
↑ Indicates significant increase in DTI metric associated with delirium outcome, controlling for age, gender, and vascular comorbidity with P ≤ 0.05.
↑↑ Indicates significant increase in DTI metric associated with delirium outcome, controlling for age, gender, and vascular comorbidity with P ≤ 0.01.
↓ Indicates significant decrease in DTI metric associated with delirium outcome, controlling for age, gender, and vascular comorbidity with P ≤ 0.05.
↓↓Indicates significant decrease in DTI metric associated with delirium outcome, controlling for age, gender, and vascular comorbidity with P ≤ 0.01.
*Indicates significant association after adjustment for GCP in addition to age, gender, and vascular comorbidity with P ≤ 0.05.
**Indicates significant association after adjustment for GCP in addition to age, gender, and vascular comorbidity with P ≤ 0.01.
ns =No significant association between DTI metric and delirium outcome, controlling for age, gender, and vascular comorbidity.
L/R Indicates unilateral (left/right) DTI abnormalities of the structure of interest (bilateral structures only).
B Indicates bilateral DTI abnormalities of the structure of interest (bilateral structures only). AD = axial diffusivity; MD = mean diffusivity; RD = radial diffusivity; FA = fractional anisotropy.