Table 3.
Adjusted hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals from Weibull regression for the association between maternal birthplace and neonatal mortality, net of covariates, for all infants and stratified by infant sex: Canada (excluding Ontario), 1990–2005
| Neonatal mortality | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| All Infants | Male Infants | Female Infants | |
| Adjusted HRa (95 % CI) | Adjusted HRb (95 % CI) | Adjusted HRb (95 % CI) | |
| Maternal birthplace: | |||
| Canada | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| US | 0.77 (0.62, 0.96) | 0.65 (0.48, 0.90) | 0.94 (0.69, 1.27) |
| North Africa | 0.96 (0.70, 1.33) | 0.85 (0.54, 1.34) | 1.12 (0.70, 1.78) |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 1.32 (1.05, 1.66) | 1.31 (0.97, 1.78) | 1.33 (0.94, 1.88) |
| Haiti | 2.29 (1.90, 2.76) | 2.10 (1.62, 2.73) | 2.53 (1.93, 3.32) |
| Non-Spanish Caribbean | 1.38 (1.01, 1.89) | 2.01 (1.42, 2.84) | 0.57 (0.27, 1.19) |
| Latin America | 1.10 (0.91, 1.33) | 1.00 (0.76, 1.30) | 1.24 (0.94, 1.65) |
| Pakistan | 1.87 (1.31, 2.68) | 1.83 (1.13, 2.94) | 1.93 (1.12, 3.34) |
| South Asia | 0.96 (0.80, 1.14) | 0.92 (0.72, 1.16) | 1.02 (0.78, 1.33) |
| Central/West Asia | 1.00 (0.79, 1.26) | 0.91 (0.66, 1.26) | 1.10 (0.78, 1.55) |
| East/Southeast Asia | 0.75 (0.65, 0.85) | 0.70 (0.58, 0.84) | 0.81 (0.67, 0.98) |
| Europe | 0.78 (0.68, 0.90) | 0.82 (0.68, 0.98) | 0.74 (0.60, 0.92) |
| Rest of the World | 0.62 (0.37, 1.02) | 0.58 (0.29, 1.15) | 0.67 (0.32, 1.40) |
| p | 0.27 (0.26, 0.27) | 0.26 (0.25, 0.27) | 0.27 (0.26, 0.28) |
| Number of observations | 3,370,641 | 1,729,451 | 1,641,190 |
Bold indicates HRs for which 95 % CIs do not overlap 1.00
aModel adjusts for maternal age, marital status, parity, providence of residence, birth cohort, and infant sex
bModel adjusts for maternal age, marital status, parity, providence of residence, and birth cohort