Fig. 5.

Neuroinflammation and CMH development: Significantly higher Iba1 (left panel)- and GFAP (right panel)-positive immunoreactive area in the LPS-treated mice (n = 7) (3 mg/kg, at 0, 6, and 24 h) compared with saline controls (n = 4) (a) in the 2-day model. Representative images showing Iba1 (left)- and GFAP (right)-positive immunoreactive area in the saline (b)- and LPS (c)-treated mice (scale bar = 50 μm; images were taken at ×20). The CMH number was significantly associated with both Iba1 (left)- and GFAP (right)-positive immunoreactive area in the 2-day model (3 mg/kg, at 0, 6, and 24 h) (d). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Student’s t test to compare two groups; ****p < 0.0001; one-tailed Spearman rho correlation for correlation analysis