Table 3.
Factors associated with poor self-rated health (n = 669)
| Variable | Good health n (%) | Fair health n (%) | Poor health n (%) | Crude odds ratios (95 % CI) | Adjusted odds ratios (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trans experience | |||||
| Trans feminine | 75 (50) | 44 (30) | 30 (20) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Trans masculine | 103 (55) | 59 (32) | 25 (13) | 0.76 (0.50–1.16) | 0.99 (0.61–1.63) |
| Gender nonbinary | 140 (40) | 122 (35) | 84 (24) | 1.42 (0.99–2.05) | 2.19** (1.24–3.84) |
| Transvestite | 88 (79) | 19 (17) | 5 (4) | 0.26 (0.15–0.44) | 0.92 (0.37–2.26) |
| Age categories | |||||
| 15–19 | 30 (37) | 36 (44) | 16 (19) | 1.00 (Reference) | – |
| 20–29 | 147 (43) | 116 (34) | 79 (23) | 0.91 (0.58–1.40) | |
| 30–44 | 109 (54) | 57 (28) | 36 (18) | 0.60 (0.37–0.96) | |
| 45–64 | 91 (70) | 27 (21) | 12 (9) | 0.29 (0.17–0.50) | |
| 65–94 | 28 (72) | 8 (20) | 3 (8) | 0.26 (0.12–0.58) | |
| Country of birth | |||||
| Sweden | 371 (51) | 222 (30) | 136 (19) | 1.00 (Reference) | – |
| Other than Sweden | 35 (52) | 22 (33) | 10 (15) | 0.90 (0.56–1.44) | |
| County | |||||
| Large county | 257 (51) | 153 (30) | 94 (19) | 1.00 (Reference) | – |
| Small county | 136 (50) | 85 (32) | 48 (18) | 0.99 (0.75–1.32) | |
| Employment status | |||||
| Working/studying | 325 (58) | 162 (29) | 73 (13) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Unemployed/long-term sick leave | 39 (25) | 58 (37) | 59 (38) | 4.07 (2.89–5.72) | 2.59*** (1.70–3.97) |
| Retired | 24 (71) | 7 (20) | 3 (9) | 0.58 (0.27–1.23) | 1.16 (0.40–3.34) |
| Other | 14 (42) | 10 (30) | 9 (27) | 2.09 (1.07–4.06) | 1.33 (0.61–2.88) |
| Education | |||||
| No high school education | 65 (43) | 52 (35) | 33 (22) | 1.22 (0.86–1.74) | – |
| Upper-secondary education, or some university | 195 (49) | 129 (32) | 76 (19) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| University education ≥ 3 years | 139 (60) | 59 (26) | 32 (14) | 0.63 (0.46–0.87) | |
| Other | 7 (44) | 4 (25) | 5 (61) | 1.46 (0.56–3.82) | |
| Monthly net income (€) | |||||
| 0–1416 | 153 (36) | 161 (38) | 111 (26) | 2.71 (1.74–4.22) | 1.80* (1.08–2.99) |
| 1417–2125 | 61 (62) | 22 (23) | 15 (15) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| 2126–3238 | 98 (68) | 36 (25) | 11 (7) | 0.72 (0.42–1.22) | 0.88 (0.48–1.63) |
| >3239 | 70 (88) | 8 (10) | 2 (2) | 0.21 (0.10–0.47) | 0.43 (0.17–1.07) |
| Do not want to answer | 22 (50) | 16 (36) | 6 (14) | 1.45 (0.73–2.89) | 0.89 (0.36–2.16) |
| History of negative health care experiences | |||||
| No | 166 (72) | 45 (19) | 20 (9) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Yes | 214 (42) | 176 (34) | 121 (24) | 3.50 (2.51–4.86) | 1.92** (1.26–2.91) |
| Tobacco use ever | |||||
| No | 189 (52) | 110 (30) | 65 (18) | 1.00 (Reference) | – |
| Yes | 209 (50) | 130 (31) | 79 (19) | 1.22 (0.91–1.62) | |
| Alcohol risk consumption | |||||
| No | 329 (52) | 188 (30) | 113 (18) | 1.00 (Reference) | – |
| Yes | 71 (46) | 53 (35) | 29 (19) | 1.20 (0.86–1.67) | |
| Illicit drug use past six months | |||||
| No | 368 (53) | 215 (31) | 113 (16) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Yes | 20 (31) | 23 (35) | 22 (34) | 2.56 (1.59–4.10) | 2.29** (1.33–3.95) |
| Do not want to answer | 5 (42) | 1 (8) | 6 (50) | 3.03 (0.93–9.82) | 6.27* (1.30–30.17) |
| Religiosity | |||||
| No | 362 (51) | 225 (31) | 130 (18) | 1.00 (Reference) | – |
| Yes | 44 (56) | 19 (24) | 15 (19) | 0.79 (0.36–1.72) | |
| Change of legal gender | |||||
| No, and do not need to | 120 (76) | 28 (18) | 9 (6) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Yes | 67 (59) | 31 (27) | 16 (14) | 2.32 (1.38–3.89) | 2.25* (1.04–4.85) |
| No, but would like to | 136 (46) | 105 (35) | 57 (19) | 3.80 (2.48–5.81) | 2.82** (1.48–5.37) |
| No, and cannot change legal gender because the desired gender is not available in Sweden today | 73 (35) | 73 (35) | 61 (30) | 6.17 (3.93–9.67) | 3.06*** (1.64–5.72) |
| Do not want to answer | 7 (47) | 5 (33) | 3 (20) | 3.75 (1.35–10.41) | 1.72 (0.52–5.60) |
| Openness with trans identity | |||||
| Always open | 71 (51) | 39 (28) | 30 (22) | 1.00 (Reference) | – |
| Sometimes open | 200 (49) | 133 (33) | 73 (18) | 0.97 (0.67–1.41) | |
| Rarely open | 65 (47) | 48 (35) | 24 (18) | 1.02 (0.65–1.59) | |
| Never open | 37 (72) | 8 (12) | 6 (16) | 0.38 (0.19–0.77) | |
| Trans identity shows | 17 (46) | 11 (30) | 9 (24) | 1.21 (0.61–2.40) | |
| Practical support | |||||
| Always | 215 (67) | 66 (21) | 39 (12) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Most of the time | 140 (41) | 128 (38) | 73 (21) | 2.70 (1.99–3.66) | 2.40*** (1.68–3.43) |
| Almost never | 25 (29) | 38 (44) | 34 (27) | 4.13 (2.64–6.46) | 2.57*** (1.47–4.48) |
| Never | 14 (50) | 6 (21) | 8 (29) | 2.43 (1.13–5.22) | 4.74** (1.80–12.52) |
| Social support | |||||
| Yes | 304 (53) | 177 (31) | 91 (16) | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| No | 92 (45) | 62 (30) | 51 (25) | 1.49 (1.10–2.02) | 1.64* (1.11–2.42) |
* p < .05 ** p < .01 *** p < .001