Table 1.
Characteristics in relation to weekday/workday sleep duration, among US women within 5 years of childbirth, NHANES 2005-2012, Mean ± SE or weighted % (95% CI)
| Short sleep duration (≤6 hours) | Adequate sleep duration (7-8 hours) | Long sleep duration (≥9 hours) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample Size | 352 | 483 | 61 |
| Weighted Sample Size | 3,891,698 | 6,465,860 | 972,056 |
| Age, Mean (SE) | 29.8 ± 0.3 | 31.3 ± 0.5 | 30.4 ± 1.1 |
| Years since most recent childbirth | |||
| Within the past year | 42.8 (36.4 – 49.1) | 29.6 (24.0 – 35.2) | 24.2 (8.1 – 40.3) |
| Within 1-2 years | 19.2 (13.2 – 25.3) | 22.8 (17.4 – 28.2) | 22.5 (8.0 – 37.1) |
| Within 2-3 years | 14.1 (8.4 – 19.8) | 16.8 (12.2 – 21.4) | 17.7 (5.2 – 30.1) |
| Within 3-4 years | 13.7 (7.6 – 19.9) | 18.3 (13.7 – 22.9) | 19.2 (6.9 – 31.5) |
| Within 4-5 years | 10.2 (5.9 – 14.5) | 12.5 (7.6 – 17.4) | 16.4 (1.4 – 31.4) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 53.5 (44.7 – 62.2) | 66.6 (59.9 – 73.2) | 66.6 (49.7 – 83.4) |
| Non-Hispanic Black or African | 20.1 (14.9 – 25.3) | 7.9 (4.7 – 11.1) | 8.3 (2.2 – 14.3) |
| American | 23.1 (17.6 – 28.7) | 18.8 (13.5 – 24.1) | 19.2 (6.3 – 32.1) |
| Hispanic/Latino/Spanish origin | 3.3 (0.9 – 5.6) | 6.8 (3.9 – 9.6) | 3.9 (0.0 – 13.8) |
| Other race(s), including multi-racial | |||
| Education level | |||
| Less than high school | 20.9 (15.1 – 26.6) | 15.3 (10.9 – 19.7) | 25.4 (10.4 – 40.4) |
| High school graduate/GED | 22.4 (16.1 – 28.8) | 19.7 (14.5 – 25.0) | 24.4 (9.2 – 39.6) |
| Some college /Associate's degree | 37.7 (30.3 – 45.1) | 29.0 (23.2 – 34.8) | 27.2 (14.0 – 40.4) |
| College graduate or above | 19.0 (12.2 – 25.9) | 36.0 (28.7 – 43.2) | 23.0 (9.1 – 36.9) |
| Poverty income ratio (PIR) | |||
| <100% FPL | 28.4 (22.9 – 34.0) | 19.9 (15.8 – 24.1) | 44.0 (27.7 – 60.3) |
| 100-300% FPL | 46.0 (38.8 – 53.2) | 38.9 (33.0 – 44.8) | 24.1 (7.3 – 41.0) |
| >300% FPL | 25.6 (17.8 – 33.4) | 41.2 (35.0 – 47.4) | 31.9 (14.2 – 49.6) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married or living with someone | 74.7 (70.4 – 80.9) | 82.9 (78.2 – 87.7) | 84.3 (72.6 – 96.0) |
| Separated or widowed or divorced | 10.2 (6.5 – 13.9) | 5.5 (3.7 – 7.3) | 1.5 (0.0 – 3.9) |
| Never married | 14.1 (10.6 – 17.6) | 11.6 (7.1 – 16.1) | 14.1 (2.9 – 25.4) |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never smoker | 54.5 (45.7 – 63.2) | 67.3 (61.8 – 72.8) | 50.7 (33.2 – 68.1) |
| Past smoker | 29.8 (21.4 – 38.1) | 17.9 (13.7 – 22.1) | 40.5 (22.7 – 58.2) |
| Current smoker | 15.8 (9.3 – 22.3) | 14.8 (9.9 – 19.7) | 8.9 (0.0 – 19.2) |
| Weight status | |||
| Underweight | 1.6 (1.1 – 2.1) | 1.9 (1.5 – 2.3) | 3.0 (1.8 – 4.1) |
| Normal weight | 27.6 (25.7 – 29.6) | 33.2 (31.4 – 34.9) | 36.8 (33.1 – 40.4) |
| Overweight | 33.0 (31.3 – 34.8) | 33.0 (31.5 – 34.5) | 29.1 (25.4 – 32.8) |
| Obese | 37.8 (35.9 – 39.6) | 31.9 (30.2 – 33.6) | 31.2 (28.0 – 34.4) |
| Household food security* | |||
| Full | 66.8 (54.5 – 74.1) | 74.7 (68.4 – 81.0) | 81.9 (65.0 – 98.7) |
| Marginal | 12.8 (8.6 – 17.0) | 11.7 (7.5 – 15.8) | 3.8 (0.0 – 8.4) |
| Low or very low | 20.4 (14.8 – 26.1) | 13.6 (9.1 – 18.1) | 14.3 (0.0 – 30.9) |
| Household size | 4.3 ± 0.1 | 4.2 ± 0.1 | 4.1 ± 0.2 |
| Depressive symptoms | 4.2 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 0.3 | 3.6 ± 0.9 |
| Clinical diagnosis of depression | 13.8 (8.0 – 19.7) | 9.4 (5.3 – 13.5) | 13.8 (0.1 – 27.6) |
| Meeting physical activity guideline | 29.9 (22.6 – 37.3) | 32.7 (25.7 – 39.6) | 30.8 (14.2 – 47.5) |
| Ever breastfeeding for at least 1 month | 74.0 (69.0 – 79.0) | 73.2 (67.6 – 78.8) | 72.0 (54.3 – 89.7) |
| Ever diagnosis of diabetes | 1.8 (0.4 – 3.2) | 2.6 (0.3 – 5.0) | -- |
| Ever diagnosis of GDM | 7.8 (4.0 – 11.7) | 11.4 (7.2 – 15.7) | 1.6 (0.0 – 4.3) |
| Ever diagnosis of hypertension | 13.6 (8.0 – 19.1) | 8.1 (4.8 – 11.4) | 16.0 (1.6 – 30.4) |
| Ever diagnosis of asthma | 22.8 (15.4 – 30.3) | 13.9 (9.7 – 18.0) | 21.5 (11.0 – 31.9) |
*
Missing data due to collection in only some NHANES waves: household food security (n=211), household size (n=211), physical activity (n=150), diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (n=158)