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. 2016 Jun 26;40(5):738–752. doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuw014

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© FEMS 2016.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — Structures of bacterial autoinducers. (A) Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHSLs) that are produced by various Gram-negative bacteria. Shown is the AHL base structure, plus various R groups that differ among species. (B) Small peptide autoinducers (AIPs) called PapR produced by Bacillus genus. Predicted physiologically-relevant heptapeptides are indicated by additional residues in blue. (C) CAI-1 and its related autoinducers produced by Vibrio species. (D) The four AgrD variants produced by Staphylococcus aureus.