Figure 11. Schematic illustration of the general idea for this study and the possible signaling pathway of Mg-1Ca alloys with Sr contents.

The alloys release Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Sr²⁺. Mg²⁺ could bind to the subunit of integrins and then activate MEK/ERK pathway. Ca²⁺ and Sr²⁺ could promote osteogenic gene expression via binding to calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and activating ERK signaling pathway through Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.