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. 2016 Aug 31;13:225. doi: 10.1186/s12974-016-0657-9

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — SPARC influences hCMEC/D3 barrier function measured by TEER and permeability. a Confluent hCMEC/D3 on transwell inserts were replenished with media containing rh-SPARC (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 μg/ml) for 24 h then tested for TEER and transendothelial diffusion of FITC-labeled dextran (3 and 10 kDa). Compared to the untreated conditions, TEER measurements reflect a dose-dependent reduction in electrical impedance with increasing rh-SPARC concentration reaching significance with 1 μg/ml or greater rh-SPARC. Permeability assays using b 3 and c 10 kDa FITC-dextran revealed exposure of hCMEC/D3 to 0.1–10 μg/ml rh-SPARC enhanced permeability to both by 24 h of exposure. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test vs. untreated controls, *P < 0.05