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. 2016 Aug 1;9(8):863–871. doi: 10.1242/dmm.024307

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© 2016. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Fig. 3. — YBR mice develop glaucomatous neuropathy. (A) Retinas of representative YBR mice. Eight-month-old (without any sign of glaucoma, left panel) and 14-month-old (exhibiting glaucoma, right panel) retinas are shown. Both retinas have a normal outer segment (OS), outer nuclear layer (ONL) and inner nuclear layer (INL). However, the retina from the14-month-old YBR mouse has fewer retinal ganglion cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). (B) YBR eyes at 8 months have a normal optic nerve head characterized by a thick nerve fiber layer entering the optic nerve (arrows facing each other) and a central vessel (V). By 14 months, YBR eyes develop advanced optic nerve excavation (asterisk) and extreme thinning of the nerve fiber layer (arrows facing each other). Scale bars: 50 µm. (C) Optic nerve degeneration was analyzed using PPD-stained optic nerve cross sections. Nerves from 8-month-old mice (representative image, left panel) had no detectable axonal damage, and axons had a clear axoplasm and darkly stained myelin sheaths. By 14 months, however, nerves had severe damage and showed extensive axon loss and glial scarring (representative image, right panel). Scale bars: 50 µm. (D) A bar graph representing the degree of optic nerve damage at the indicated ages. There were at least 30 eyes in each group with both sexes in similar proportions. At 8 months, none of the YBR eyes exhibited glaucomatous neurodegeneration. By 14 months, about 60% of YBR eyes exhibited severe glaucomatous nerve damage and axonal loss.