Table 3.
Associations between spatial, staffing, patient, and nursing perception variables and frequency of bedside interprofessional rounds in 18 hospital-based units (total n = 1241)
| Variable - n (%) | Bedside Interprofessional Rounds, ≥80 % (n = 669) | Unadjusted OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spatial Characteristics | |||
| Unit type: | |||
| General care | 172 (25.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Intermediate care | 158 (23.6) | 2.83 (1.19-6.73) | 2.84 (1.37-5.87) |
| Intensive care | 339 (50.7) | 13.65 (4.30-43.34) | 9.63 (5.30-17.42) |
| Number of unit beds: | |||
| < 19 | 285 (42.6) | 1 | |
| 19-35 | 278 (41.6) | 1.57 (0.50-4.88) | |
| > 35 | 106 (15.8) | 0.30 (0.07-1.19) | |
| Square feet per bed: | |||
| < 410 | 160 (23.9) | 1 | |
| 410-600 | 268 (40.1) | 2.54 (0.61-10.57) | |
| > 600 | 241 (36.0) | 2.05 (0.53-8.01) | |
| Staffing/Service | |||
| Nurse-patient ratio: | |||
| > 1:3 | 228 (34.1) | 1 | 1 |
| ≤ 1:3 | 441 (65.9) | 4.71 (1.73-12.85) | 1.14 (0.64-2.03) |
| Number of admitting services in unit/bed:a | |||
| < 0.35 | 370 (55.3) | 1 | |
| ≥ 0.35 | 299 (44.7) | 0.96 (0.32-2.86) | |
| Weekday | |||
| No | 143 (21.4) | 1 | |
| Yes | 526 (78.6) | 1.19 (0.94-1.51) | |
| Patient Characteristics | |||
| Hospital length of stay for patients admitted to unit: | |||
| < 5 days | 114 (17.0) | 1 | 1 |
| 5-7 days | 235 (35.1) | 3.75 (1.53-9.21) | 1.89 (1.05-3.38) |
| > 7 days | 320 (47.8) | 12.82 (3.25-50.52) | 2.27 (1.28-4.02) |
| Severity of illness (APR-DRG): | |||
| < 2.4 | 285 (42.6) | 1 | |
| ≥ 2.4 | 384 (57.4) | 2.27 (0.75-6.82) | |
| Nursing Perceptions | |||
| Nurse-physician collegial score:b | |||
| < 2.95 | 302 (46.1) | 1 | |
| ≥ 2.95 | 353 (53.9) | 0.92 (0.29-2.90) | |
| Staffing and resource adequacy:b | |||
| < 2.67 | 337 (51.5) | 1 | |
| ≥ 2.67 | 318 (48.6) | 1.00 (0.33-3.02) | |
| BIR script score:c | |||
| < 4 | 214 (32.0) | 1 | 1 |
| ≥ 4 | 455 (68.0) | 3.18 (1.11-9.13) | 2.20 (1.15-4.23) |
| BIR support score:d | |||
| < 17 | 182 (27.2) | 1 | 1 |
| ≥ 17 | 487 (72.8) | 3.24 (1.17-8.97) | 3.25 (1.83-5.77) |
a Number of different services admitting ≥5 patients to unit in a one-year period/unit beds
b Scores obtained from Collegial Nurse-Physician Relations/Staffing/Resource Adequacy from Practice Environment of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI); responses 4 = strongly agree, 3 = agree, 2 = disagree, 1 = strongly disagree
c Reported by units’ nursing leadership on a 1-7 scale (1 = not at all, 7 = a great extent)
d Summation score from 3 domains on a 1-7 scale (1 = not at all, 7 = a great extent), max score 21
e Adjusted for other significant variables in Table 3