Table 1.

Studies of antidepressant treatments in animal models

Antidepressant treatment	Classification	Animal model and experimental approach	Effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis	Effects on behavior	References
Fluoxetine	Serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor	BrdU labeling in adult rat hippocampus, learned helplessness test	Increased cell proliferation and neuronal maturation	Decreased learned helplessness behavior induced by inescapable shock	Malberg et al. 2000; Malberg and Duman 2003
Fluoxetine	Serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor	BrdU labeling in 129/Sv mouse brain, NSF test	Increased cell proliferation and neuronal maturation	A decreased latency to feed in NSF test	Santarelli et al. 2003
Fluoxetine	Serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor	BrdU labeling in nestin-CFPnuc mouse	Increased proliferation of progenitors, but not quiescent neural progenitors	NS	Encinas et al. 2006
Escitalopram	Serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor	BrdU labeling in adult rat hippocampus	Increased cell proliferation with escitalopram treatment under mild stress condition	Recovery from anhedonic-like behavior induced by the mild stress	Jayatissa et al. 2006
Desipramine	Tricyclic antidepressant	Adult rat or 129/Sv mouse brain, learned helplessness test, NSF test	Increased cell proliferation and neuronal maturation	Decreased learned helplessness behavior, a decreased latency to feed in NSF test	Santarelli et al. 2003; Chen et al. 2006
Imipramine	Tricyclic antidepressant	BrdU labeling in adult rat or 129/Sv mouse brain, NSF test	Increased cell proliferation	A decreased latency to feed in NSF test	Santarelli et al. 2003; Kitamura et al. 2011
Tianeptine	Tricyclic antidepressant; selective serotonin reuptake enhancer	BrdU labeling in stressed tree shrews dentate gyrus	Increased cell proliferation	NS	Czeh et al. 2001; Fuchs 2002
Tranylcypromine	Monomine oxidase inhibitor	BrdU labeling in adult rat hippocampus	Increased cell proliferation	NS	Malberg et al. 2000
Reboxetine	Nerepinephrine-selective reuptake inhibitor	BrdU labeling in adult rat hippocampus	Increased cell proliferation	NS	Malberg et al. 2000
Lithium	Mood stabilizer	BruU labeling in adult mouse hippocampus	Increased proliferation, neuronal maturation and glial maturation	Decreased depressive like behavior	Chen et al. 2000

BrdU, Bromodeoxyuridine; NSF, novelty-suppressed feeding; NS, not studied.