Table 2. Baseline Characteristics of CHD cases and non-cases, Normative Aging Study (n = 589).
| No CHD (n = 453) | CHD (n = 136) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main Exposure | |||||
| Totalc | Mean ± SD | Total | Mean ± SD | P valuea | |
| Patella lead | 449 | 29.2 ± 18.1 | 135 | 32.1 ± 18.8 | 0.12 |
| Tibia lead | 452 | 20.2 ± 12.5 | 136 | 22.6 ± 13.5 | 0.03 |
| Continuous variables | |||||
| Age (years) | 453 | 66.1 ± 7.4 | 136 | 65.8 ± 6.6 | 0.63 |
| Follow-up time (years) | 453 | 9.7 ± 5.8 | 136 | 9.0 ± 5.1 | 0.10 |
| Body mass index (kg/meter2) | 453 | 27.5 ± 3.5 | 136 | 28.6 ± 3.9 | <0.01 |
| Smoking (pack-years) | 444 | 21.0 ± 25.6 | 133 | 22.3 ± 25.3 | 0.35 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 453 | 226.8 ± 35.6 | 136 | 234.2 ± 39.5 | 0.03 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 453 | 49.2 ± 13.3 | 136 | 47.8 ± 11.1 | 0.21 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL ratio | 453 | 4.9 ± 1.4 | 136 | 5.1 ± 1.2 | 0.13 |
| Categorical variables | |||||
| Totalc | N (%) | Total | N (%) | P valueb | |
| Smoking | 453 | 136 | 0.19 | ||
| Never smokers | 147 (32.5) | 36 (26.5) | |||
| Ever smokers | 306 (67.5) | 100 (73.5) | |||
| Education | 433 | 131 | 0.60 | ||
| <high school | 42 (9.7) | 18 (13.7) | |||
| high school | 149 (34.4) | 45 (34.4) | |||
| some college | 110 (25.4) | 32 (24.4) | |||
| ≥ 4 year college graduate | 132 (30.5) | 36 (27.5) | |||
| Hypertension | 453 | 201 (44.4) | 136 | 92 (47.8) | 0.48 |
| Diabetes | 453 | 51 (11.3) | 136 | 17 (12.5) | 0.69 |
a P value from t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test (patella and tibia lead, total cholesterol, and total cholesterol to HDL ratio).
b P value from Chi-square test.
c Totals vary because of missing data.