. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Neurovirol. 2015 Jun 12;21(5):559–567. doi: 10.1007/s13365-015-0359-6

Table 2.

Effects of CSF biomarkers on absolute MRS metabolites as measured by R-squared derived from multivariable models. All associations were positive. All analyses performed on the full sample (N=83, Column 2) were repeated on four clinically relevant subsets (Columns 3-6). Models that did not yield significant biomarker effect in the full sample analysis (N=83) are not shown.

MRS metabolite CSF Biomarker	Effect of Biomarker: R² (p-value)
MRS metabolite CSF Biomarker	All (N=83)	HCV-negative (N=65)	Undetectable CSF (N=56)	Undetectable Plasma and CSF (N=42)	HCV-negative Undetectable Plasma and CSF (N=29)

NAA FWM
IP-10	0.045 (0.046)	0.042 (0.074)	0.054 (0.079)	0.052 (0.115)	0.078 (0.057)

Cr FWM
IP-10¹	0.106 (0.003)	0.113 (0.006)	0.076 (0.044)	0.107 (0.035)	0.105 (0.094)
MCP-1²	0.075 (0.01)	0.069 (0.032)	0.076 (0.046)	0.074 (0.085)	0.128 (0.062)

MI FWM
IP-10³	0.05 (0.036)	0.056 (0.063)	0.01 (0.446)	0.021 (0.334)	0.125 (0.068)
MCP-1³,⁴	0.137 (0.002)	0.151 (<0.001)	0.031 (0.159)	0.021 (0.313)	0.096 (0.125)

Cho BG
MCP-1	0.179 (<0.001)	0.227 (<0.001)	0.158 (0.005)	0.195 (0.007)	0.307 (0.003)

Models control for scanner, imaging covariate, and significant covariates (p<0.05)

nadir CD4

undetectable plasma HIV (except for the last two columns in which by definition Plasma HIV was undetectable)

HCV (except for the second and last columns, in which by definition HCV was negative)

⁴

age. Cho = choline; Cr = creatine; CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; FWM = frontal white matter; HCV = hepatitis C virus; MI = myo-inositol; MRS = magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NAA = N-acetylaspartate.