Table 1. Studies Characteristics.
| Guideline Title | Origin | Year of publication | CPG Name | Institution/ Guideline Development group | Type of Institution/ Guideline Development group | Focus of the guideline | Patient population | Severity of brain injury | Country income |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Evaluation and management of children younger than two years old with apparently minor head trauma: proposed guidelines. Pediatrics. [23] | USA | 2001 | AAP, 2001 | American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) | Professional organization | Early management | Pediatrics | Minor | HIC |
| Committee on Quality Improvement, American Academy of Pediatrics; Commission on Clinical Policies and Research, American Academy of Family Physicians. The management of minor closed head injury in children. Pediatrics. [24] | USA | 1999 | AAP/AAFP, 1999 | American Academy of Pediatrics/American Academy of Family Physicians (AAP/AAFP) | Professional organization | Early management | Pediatrics | Minor | HIC |
| ACEP Clinical Policy: Neuroimaging and Decisionmaking in Adult Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Acute Setting*. [25] | USA | 2009 | ACEP, 2009 | American College of Emergency Physicians | Professional organization | Early management and Imaging diagnosis | Adults | Mild | HIC |
| Guidelines for prehospital management of traumatic brain injury 2nd edition*. [26] | USA | 2007 | BTF, 2007 | Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) | Non-profit | Prehospital management | Adults and pediatrics | Severe | HIC |
| Guidelines for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants, children, and adolescents. [27] | UK | 2012 | BTF, 2012 | Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) | Non-profit | Early management | Pediatrics | Severe | HIC |
| Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. 3rd edition*. [28] | USA | 2007 | BTF/AANS, 2007 | Brain Trauma Foundation/ American Association of Neurological Surgeons | Non-profit/professional organization | Early management, and ICU care | Adults | Severe | HIC |
| Mild traumatic brain injury in children: practice guidelines for emergency department and hospitalized patients The Trauma Program, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. [29] | USA | 2003 | CHOP, 2003 | Trauma Program, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. | Academic institution | Early management | Pediatrics | Mild | HIC |
| Development of a provincial guideline for the acute assessment and management of adult and pediatric patients with head injuries. [30] | Canada (Nova Scotia) | 2007 | CMA, 2007 | Canadian Medical Association | Professional organization | Early management | Adults and pediatrics | All levels | HIC |
| Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Evaluation and Management of (EAST Trauma Guidelines) 2012*. [31] | USA | 2012 | EAST, 2012 | EAST | Professional organization | Early management | Did not specify | Mild | HIC |
| Practice Management Guidelines for the Management of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: EAST Practice Management Guidelines Work Group. [32] | USA | 2002 | EAST, 2002 | EAST | Professional organization | Early management | Did not specify | Mild | HIC |
| EBIC-guidelines for management of severe head injury in adults. [33] | Europe | 1997 | EBIC, 1997 | European Brain Consortium | International committee | Prehospital management, early management, and ICU care | Adults | Severe | HIC |
| EFNS guideline on mild traumatic brain injury: report of an EFNS task force 2011. [34] | Europe | 2011 | EFNS, 2011 | European Federation of Neurological Societies | International committee | Early management and Imaging diagnosis | Adults and pediatrics | Mild | HIC |
| Guidelines for the pre-hospital care of patients with severe head injuries. Piek J on behalf of the Working Group for Neurosurgical Intensive Care of the ESICM. [35] | Europe | 1998 | ESICM, 1998 | Working Group for Neurosurgical Intensive Care of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine | Professional organization | Prehospital management | Did not specify | Severe | HIC |
| Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury, 2nd edition. Japan Society of Neurotraumatology*. [36] | Japan | 2006 | JSN, 2006 | Japan Society of Neurotraumatology | Professional organization | Management | Adults and pediatrics | Severe | HIC |
| National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Head injury. Triage, assessment, investigation and early management of head injury in infants, children, and adult: 2007. [37] | UK | 2007 | NIHCE, 2007 | National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NIHCE) | National Institute | Early management | Adults and pediatrics | All levels | HIC |
| Adult Trauma Clinical Practice Guidelines, Initial Management of Closed Head Injury in Adults. NSW Institute of Trauma and Injury Management. [38] | New South Wales, Australia | 2011 | NSW MoH, 2011 | NSW Ministry of Health | Government organization | Early management of head injury patients | Adults | All levels | HIC |
| New Zealand Guidelines Group: Traumatic Brain Injury: Diagnosis, Acute Management and Rehabilitation. [39] | Wellington, New Zealand | 2006 | NZ, 2006 | New Zealand Guidelines Group | Non-profit | Acute management, Prehospital management, and rehabilitation process. | Adults and pediatrics | All levels | HIC |
| Treatment of minor and severe traumatic brain injury. National reference guidelines. [40] | Italy | 2008 | RHSA, 2008 | Regional Healthcare Service Agency (requested by Ministry of Health) | Government organization | Early management | Adults | All levels | HIC |
| Scandinavian guidelines for initial management of minimal, mild and moderate head injuries in adults: an evidence and consensus-based update. [41] | Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden and Finland) | 2013 | SCN, 2013 | Scandinavian Neurotrauma Committee | International committee | Early management | Adults | All levels | HIC |
| Early Management of Patients with a Head Injury. A National Clinical Guideline. [42] | Edinburgh, Scotland | 2009 | SIGN, 2009 | Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network | Non-profit | Early management | Adults and pediatrics | All levels | HIC |
| The Study Group on Head Injury of the Italian Society for Neurosurgery: Guidelines for minor head injured patients' management in adult age. [43] | Italy | 1996 | SINch, 1996 | Italian Society for Neurosurgery | Professional organization | Early management | Adults | Mild | HIC |
| Guidelines for the treatment of adults with severe head trauma (part I). Initial assessment; evaluation and pre-hospital treatment; current criteria for hospital admission; systemic and cerebral monitoring. [44] | Italy | 2000 | SINch/SIAARTI, 2000 | Italian Society of Neurosurgery (SINch) and Italian Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (SIAARTI) | Professional organization | Early management of severe TBI | Adults | Severe | HIC |
| Clinical practice guidelines in severe traumatic brain injury in Taiwan. [45] | Taiwan | 2009 | Taiwan, 2009 | Taiwan | Did not specify | Early management, and ICU care | Did not specify | Severe | HIC |
| Guidelines for Neurosurgical Trauma in Brazil. [46] | Brazil | 2001 | USP/BSN, 2001 | University of São Paulo Medical School/Brazilian Society of Neurosurgery (USP/ BSN) | Academic institution/professional group | Early management | Did not specify | All levels | UMIC |
* Clinical Practice Guidelines have older versions, only most recent version of this Clincal Practice Guidelines was included