Table 3.
Absolute cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of trunk muscles in athletes with and without LDD
| CSAs of trunk muscles (mm2) | LDD (69 athletes) | Non-LDD (82 athletes) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rectus abdominis | 19.6 ± 4.1 (18.6–20.6) | 19.1 ± 4.1 (18.2–20.0) | 0.448 |
| Obliques | 72.3 ± 13.4 (69.1–75.5) | 67.8 ± 8.6 (65.9–69.7) | 0.014 |
| Psoas | 30.0 ± 5.8 (28.6–31.4) | 28.2 ± 6.1 (26.9–29.6) | 0.082 |
| Quadratus lumborum | 20.2 ± 4.0 (19.2–21.1) | 19.4 ± 4.1 (18.5–20.3) | 0.224 |
| Erector spinae plus multifidus | 62.0 ± 8.8 (59.9–64.2) | 59.6 ± 8.7 (57.7–61.5) | 0.094 |
| Total area | 204.1 ± 23.9 (198.3–209.8) | 194.1 ± 22.6 (189.2–199.1) | 0.010 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD (95 % CI)
LDD lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration