Table 1. Comparison of characteristics between PA patients receiving adrenalectomy and those without operation.
| Before Match |
p | After Match* |
p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Operation (n = 2516) | Operation (n = 846) | No operation (n = 822) | Operation (n = 822) | |||
| Male gender | 1188 (47.2%) | 369 (43.6%) | 0.073 | 358 (43.6%) | 360 (43.8%) | 0.960 |
| Age (in year) | 52.91 ± 15.44 | 46.6 ± 10.85 | <0.001 | 46.9 ± 13.7 | 46.9 ± 10.8 | 0.447 |
| Premorbid risk | ||||||
| Cushing syndrome | 25 (1.0%) | 2 (0.2%) | 0.042 | 7 (0.9%) | 2 (0.2%) | 0.178 |
| Hypothyroidism | 20 (0.8%) | 1 (0.1%) | 0.039 | 6 (0.7%) | 1 (0.1%) | 0.124 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 53 (2.1%) | 18 (2.1%) | 0.999 | 22 (2.7%) | 18 (2.2%) | 0.632 |
| Congestive heart failure | 225 (8.9%) | 32 (3.8%) | <0.001 | 48 (5.8%) | 32 (3.9%) | 0.085 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 355 (14.1%) | 88 (10.4%) | 0.006 | 110 (13.4%) | 88 (10.7%) | 0.111 |
| CKD | 208 (8.3%) | 31 (3.7%) | <0.001 | 25 (3%) | 31 (3.8%) | 0.497 |
| COPD | 309 (12.3%) | 46 (5.4%) | <0.001 | 46 (5.6%) | 46 (5.6%) | 0.999 |
| Coronary artery disease | 57 (2.3%) | 15 (1.8%) | 0.492 | 10 (1.2%) | 15 (1.8%) | 0.421 |
| Dementia | 57 (2.3%) | 2 (0.2%) | <0.001 | 1 (0.1%) | 2 (0.2%) | 0.999 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 605 (24%) | 133 (15.7%) | <0.001 | 140 (17%) | 131 (15.9%) | 0.595 |
| Gout | 247 (9.8%) | 69 (8.2%) | 0.173 | 82 (10%) | 69 (8.4%) | 0.305 |
| Hemiplegia | 30 (1.2%) | 7 (0.8%) | 0.45 | 9 (1.1%) | 7 (0.9%) | 0.803 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 579 (23%) | 127 (15%) | <0.001 | 141 (17.2%) | 126 (15.3%) | 0.349 |
| Hypokalemia | 1120 (44.5%) | 448 (53%) | <0.001 | 404 (49.1%) | 432 (52.6%) | 0.183 |
| Moderate or Severe liver disease | 243 (9.7%) | 61 (7.2%) | <0.001 | 83 (10.1%) | 60 (7.3%) | 0.054 |
| Peptic Ulcer | 508 (20.2%) | 116 (13.7%) | <0.001 | 5 (0.6%) | 10 (1.2%) | 0.300 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 28 (1.1%) | 10 (1.2%) | 0.852 | 46 (5.6%) | 46 (5.6%) | 0.999 |
| Rheumatologic disease | 34 (1.4%) | 10 (1.2%) | 0.861 | 47 (5.7%) | 47 (5.7%) | 0.999 |
| Solid tumor | 134 (5.3%) | 47 (5.6%) | 0.792 | 110 (13.4%) | 88 (10.7%) | 0.111 |
| Antihypertensive drugs used at diagnosis | ||||||
| α- blockers | 319 (12.7%) | 120 (14.2%) | 0.263 | 112 (13.6%) | 119 (14.5%) | 0.670 |
| β- blockers | 924 (36.7%) | 333 (39.4%) | 0.175 | 331 (40.3%) | 321 (39.1%) | 0.650 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 1476 (58.7%) | 578 (68.3%) | <0.001 | 552 (67.2%) | 555 (67.5%) | 0.916 |
| Diuretics | 547 (21.7%) | 112 (13.2%) | <0.001 | 95 (11.6%) | 111 (13.5%) | 0.264 |
| ACEI/ARB | 960 (38.2%) | 405 (47.9%) | <0.001 | 371 (45.1%) | 386 (47.0%) | 0.488 |
| K supply after PA diagnosis | 1026 (40.8%) | 490 (57.9%) | <0.001 | 373 (45.4%) | 478 (58.2%) | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensive drugs used at event | ||||||
| α- blockers | 104 (4.1%) | 13 (1.5%) | <0.001 | 35 (4.3%) | 13 (1.6%) | 0.002 |
| β- blockers | 502 (20%) | 109 (12.9%) | <0.001 | 162 (19.7%) | 108 (13.1%) | <0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 685 (27.2%) | 126 (14.9%) | <0.001 | 200 (24.3%) | 125 (15.2%) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics | 367 (14.6%) | 61 (7.2%) | <0.001 | 102 (12.4%) | 61 (7.4%) | 0.001 |
| ACEI/ARB | 515 (20.5%) | 125 (14.8%) | <0.001 | 153 (18.6%) | 125 (15.2%) | 0.076 |
| Outcomes | ||||||
| Cardiovascular event | 587 (23.3%) | 163 (19.3%) | 0.015 | 176 (21.4%) | 154 (18.7%) | 0.048 |
| All-cause mortality | 420 (16.7%) | 32 (3.8%) | <0.001 | 96 (11.7%) | 31 (3.8%) | <0.001 |
123123.
Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; K, potassium; PA, primary aldosteronism.
*After the propensity score matching process, only 822 PA patients could have their matching counterparts.