Table 1.

Summary of studies using miRNA for cancer therapy in vivo.

Vehicle	Targeted miRNA	Antagonist or mimics	Model	Effect	Reference
Local Delivery
Cholesterol-conjugated 2′-O-  methyl-modified	miR-375	Mimics	Hepatoma xenograft	Inhibition of tumor growth	[94]
Lentiviral vector	let-7	Mimics	Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	Inhibition of the growth of K-ras-dependent lung tumors	[95]
Polyethyleneimine (PEI)	miR-145 miR-33a	Mimics	Colon carcinoma xenograft	Induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor growth and downregulation of the oncogenic kinase Pim-1	[96]
Systemic delivery
Seed-targeting tiny LNAs	miR-21	Antagonist	Breast cancer	Repression of the miR-21 function in tumor	[106]
Cationic liposomes	miR-143	Mimics	Colorectal carcinoma	Inhibition of tumor growth	[109]
Lentiviral vectors	miR-15a/16	Mimics	Chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Restoration of miR-15a/16 expression and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation	[110]
	miR-494	Antagonist	Breast cancer	Inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis	[111]
Adeno-associated viruses  (AAVs)	miR-26a	Mimics	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis	[112]
Silica nanoparticles	miR-34a	Mimics	Neuroblastoma	Induction of apoptosis, reduction in vascular density of tumors and inhibition of tumor growth	[101]
PEGylated-PLGA	miR-21	Antagonists	Breast cancer	Efficient delivery of antagomiR-21 and prolonged release	[125]
PLGA-penetratin	miR-155	Antagonists	Lymphoma	Induction of apoptosis and reduction of tumor growth	[126]
PEI	miR-145 miR-33a	Mimics	Colorectal carcinoma	Reduction of tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth	[130]
LNP-DP1	miR-122	Mimics	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth	[132]
Cationic DOTMA lipoplexes	miR-133b	Mimics	NSCLC	Increased expression of miR-133b and downregulation of prosurvival gene MCL-1	133]
	miR-29b	Mimics	NSCLC	Reduced expression of the key target oncogenes and inhibition of tumor growth	[134]
Neutral lipid	miR-34a	Mimics	NSCLC	Inhibition of tumor growth	[136]
	miR-34a let-7	Mimics	NSCLC	Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis	[137]
LPH-PEG-GC4	miR-34a	Mimics	Lung cancer	Reduction of tumor growth, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of survivin expression and downregulation of pathway	[102]